Pass med info

Question 1

sausage shape in abdomen is what?

Answer 1

intussesception

Question 2

intussesception signs

Answer 2

paroxysmal abdominal colic pain
during paroxysm the infant will characteristically draw their knees up and turn pale
vomiting
blood stained stool - ‘red-currant jelly’
sausage-shaped mass in the right lower quadrant

Question 3

intussecption investigations

Answer 3

ultrasound

Question 4

androgen insensitivity

Answer 4

female phenotype with male charecteristics

ie. no pubic hair, lump where undescended testicles might be

Question 5

Hirshsprung disease

Answer 5

undeveloped bowel

• > delayed in passing meconium
• > constipation

Question 6

abdominal migraines

Answer 6

• episodic
• no red flags in children with a family history of migraines could indicate abdominal migraines
• no symptoms between episodes

Question 7

hand foot and mouth

Answer 7

sore throat
fever
spots on hand foot and mouth

Question 8

CF

Answer 8

regular (at least twice daily) chest physiotherapy and postural drainage. Parents are usually taught to do this. Deep breathing exercises are also useful
high calorie diet, including high fat intake*
vitamin supplementation
pancreatic enzyme supplements taken with meals
heart and lung transplant

Question 9

choanal atresia

Answer 9

Congenital disorder with an incidence of 1 in 7000 births.
Posterior nasal airway occluded by soft tissue or bone.
Associated with other congenital malformations e.g. coloboma
Babies with unilateral disease may go unnoticed.
Babies with bilateral disease will present early in life as they are obligate mouth breathers.
Treatment is with fenestration procedures designed to restore patency.

Question 10

puberty in girls

Answer 10

first sign is breast development at around 11.5 years of age (range = 9-13 years)
height spurt reaches its maximum early in puberty (at 12) , before menarche
menarche at 13 (11-15)
there is an increase of only about 4% of height following menarche

Question 11

puberty in boys

Answer 11

first sign is testicular growth at around 12 years of age (range = 10-15 years)
testicular volume > 4 ml indicates onset of puberty
maximum height spurt at 14

Question 12

fragile x

Answer 12

earning difficulties
large low set ears, long thin face, high arched palate
macroorchidism
hypotonia
autism is more common
mitral valve prolapse

Question 13

edwards 18

Answer 13

Micrognathia
Low-set ears
Rocker bottom feet
Overlapping of fingers

Question 14

pataus 13

Answer 14

Microcephalic, small eyes
Cleft lip/palate
Polydactyly
Scalp lesions

Question 15

Noonan syndrome

Answer 15

Webbed neck
Pectus excavatum
Short stature
Pulmonary stenosis

Question 16

croup

Answer 16

stridor
barking cough (worse at night)
fever
coryzal symptoms

6 months - 3 years

Question 17

acute epiglottist

Answer 17

serious
Haemophilus influenzae type B. 
airway obstruction may develop. 
2 and 6 years. 
Hib vaccine

rapid onset
unwell, toxic child
stridor
drooling of saliva

Question 18

what to test for in coeliacs

Answer 18

IgA TTG

Question 19

hydrogen breath test tests for?

Answer 19

IBS

food intolerances

Question 20

Measles rash

Answer 20

rash on face and spreads

koplick spots

Question 21

Chicken pox

Answer 21

itchy rash to vesicular

Question 22

Coxsackie A6 virus

Answer 22

hand foot and mouth rash

Question 23

wilms tumour

Answer 23

red urine

palpable mass near stomach

Question 24

what is kawasaki?

Answer 24

vascular problem
can cause hear problems
    Dry cracked lips
    Bilateral conjunctivitis
    Peeling of skin on fingers and toes
    Cervical lymphadenopathy
    Red rash over trunk

Question 25

ALL

Answer 25

anaemia, neutropaenia and thrombocytopaenia

Question 26

Necrotising enterocolitis

Answer 26

newborn premies

feeding intolerance, abdominal distension and bloody stools

Question 27

paeds BLS

Answer 27

unresponsive?
    shout for help
    open airway
    look, listen, feel for breathing
    give 5 rescue breaths
    check for signs of circulation
    15 chest compressions:2 rescue breaths (see above)

Question 28

RF for meconium aspiration

Answer 28

over due baby

Question 29

downs associated with what?

Answer 29

hyper or hypo thyroid

Question 30

with croup DONT do this

Answer 30

throat examine because it might cause airway obstruction

Question 31

what is fragile x associated with?

Answer 31

down syndrome

Question 32

Roseola infantum

Answer 32

herpes 6
    high fever: lasting a few days, 
    maculopapular rash
    febrile convulsions occur in around 10-15%
    diarrhoea 
    cough

Question 33

meckels diverticulum causes

Answer 33

massive gi bleed

Question 34

ASD

Answer 34

may experience shortness of breath, lethargy, poor appetite and growth

Question 35

inhertience pattern for retinoblastoma

Answer 35

autosomal dominant