Bronchiectasis Flashcards
what is it
abnormal and permanently dilated airways
the mucocilary transport mechanism is impaired and frequent bacterial infections ensure
what causes it
severe childhood infection
cystic fibrosis
immunodeficiency
what are signs
cough production of large amount of sputum and dilated and thickened bronchi
clubbing
breathlessness
haemoptysis can occur
how is it diagnosed
exam - coarse crackles at base on inspiration
CXR - mid zone tram lines, dilated bronchi
CT - bronchial dilation
how is it treated
damage cant be repaired so basis of management is to prevent or slow down further deterioration
antibiotics may be needed
bronchodilators useful in those with airflow limitation
what antibiotics
amoxicillin, clarithromycin, erythromycin, doxycyline if allergic
erythromycin in pregnancy and breast feeding
