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Anatomy > Male & Female External Genitals > Flashcards

Male & Female External Genitals Flashcards

1
Q

Female External Genitilia

A

Mons Pubis- fatty elevation over pubic region. Skin acquires coarse hair

Labia majora- pair of skin folds contain areolar tissue, fat & terminal part of round ligament. Anterior & posterior commissure where meet at each end.

Labia minora- 2 small skin folds contain sebaceious glands. Meet at post frenulum. Ant form clitoris frenulum & prepuce.

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2
Q

Female External Genitilia

A

Clitoris- eretile body composed of 2 corpora cavernosa & glans.

Vesibule- space b/t labia minora, urethral orifice & vaginal orifice’

Hymen- thin muous mem that covers vaginal orifice (introitus). After rupture during sexual intercourse its called hymenal caruncles.

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3
Q

External Genitilia in Male

A
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4
Q

Erectile Bodies in Penis

A

Corpus spongiosum- distal expansion- gland w/ margin corona

  • proximal expansion forms bulb of the penis

Corpora cavernosa- distal covered by glans.

  • proximal forms crus which attach to ischiopubic ramus & covered by ischiocavernous m.

Root of the penis= bulb+ 2 crura

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5
Q

Erectile Bodies in Penis

A

Tunica albuginea- fibrous coat, covers erectile bodies but thinner around corpus spongiosum.

Deep fascia/ Buck’s- covers all 3 bodies

Skin of penis- hairless & thin & loose except over the glans.

Prepuce covers the glans (foreskin)

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6
Q

Internal Pudendal a. in females

A

I PPADD

I= inf rectal a.

P= perineal a.

P= post labial branches

A= a. of bulb of vestibule

D= dorsal a. of clitoris

D= deep a. of clitoris

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7
Q

Internal Pudendal a. in Males

A

I PPADD

I= inf rectal a.

P= perineal a.

P= post scrotal branches

A= a of bulb of penis

D= Dorsal a. of penis

D= deep a. of penis

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8
Q

Ligaments of Penis

A

Fundiform lig of penis- from linea alba to pubic symphysis, splits to surround penis & units w/ dartos fascia

Suspensory lig of penis- from ant surface of pubic symphysis. Splits to fomr sling that attaches to deep fascia at penis (around root & body)

Ligamentolysis- release fundiform ligament & suspensory ligament for penile elongation!

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9
Q

Urethra

A

Female a lot shorter than male.

M. around internal urethral orifice in female not organized into internal sphincter.

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10
Q

Male Urethra

A
  1. Preoprostatic- @ neck of bladder; surrounded by internal urethral sphincter
  2. Prostatic- ant prostate; widest
  3. Intermed- passes through deep perineal pouch & perineal mem; narrowest
  4. Spongy- corpus spongiosum; longest & most mobile bulbous+ penile
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11
Q

Suprapubic Cystotomy

A

Full bladder punctures above pubic symphysis to introduce catheters or instruments w/o opening peritoneam.

Use for urinary calculi, foreign bodies & small tumors

Urethral stricture- constrict urethra duet o penile trauma or infection

Use cystoscopy to observe bladder through urethra

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12
Q

Superficial Perineal Pouch

A
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13
Q

Deep Perineal Pouch

A
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14
Q

Glands of Female

A

The Great Vestibular glands/Bartholin- in superficial perineal pouch on either vestibule side.

  • mucus secreting during sex
  • Site of vulvar adenocarcinomas

The lesser vestibular glands/Skene’s

  • on either vestibular side
  • open into vestibule b/t urethra & introitus
  • secrete mucus to moisten vestibule & labia

Bartholinitis &Bartholin cyst

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15
Q

Penis Innervation

A

Sympathetic T11-L2

Parasym S2-S4

To form cavernous n.

Pudendal n. for somatic innervation

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16
Q

N. Path in Erection

A

Parasymapthetic

17
Q

Erection

A

Autonomic- cavernous n. regulate blood flow

Somatic- dorsla n. penile sensation.

Relax trabecular smooth m. & vasodialte arterioles, increase & blood expands sinusoidal space. Compress subtunical plexus agains tunica albuginea.

Stretching of tunica compresses emissary v. & reduces blood outflow

18
Q

Flaccid

A

Inflow through constricted & tortuous a. is minimal so free outflow through subtunical venular plexus.

19
Q

Erection

A

Parasym stim S2-S4

Arteriovenous anastomoses that bypass sinuses of corpora cavernosa are closed

Helicine a. straighten, enlarge their lumin & allow blood flow

20
Q

Ejaculation

A

Sym L1-2 close internal urethral sphincter

Para sym S2-S4 contrac urethral m.

Pudendal n. S2-S4 contract bulbospongiosus

21
Q

Emission

A

Sym L1-L2

Semen delivered to prostatic urethra after peristalsis of ductus deferens & seminal glands

22
Q

Remission

A

Symp

COnstrict smooth m. in coiled helicine a.

Relax bulbospongiosus & ischiocavernuous allows more blood to be drained from cavernous spaces into deep dorsal v.

23
Q

ED

A

Peyronie’s disease PD is fibrotic disorder of tunica albuginea resulting in penile defornity, pain & ED

lesion of prostatic plexus or cavernous n.

Semirigid or inflatable penile

prosthesis in refractory cases

24
Q

Urethral Trauma

A
25
Q

Extravasation of Urine

A

Injiry to penile urethra & intact Buck’s fascia

localized swelling confined to penis

26
Q

Extravasation of Urine

A

Injury to penile urethra & bucks’ fascia ruptured

collection of urine deep to perineal fascia

in perineum, superficial pouch & penis

in scrotum deep to dartos

in lower abdom wall- deep to Scarpa’s fascia

27
Q

Extravasation of Urine

A

Injury to membranous urethra

collection of urine in perineum in deep pouch

retroperitoneal hematoma & urine extravasation around prostate & bladder

28
Q

Hypospadias vs. Epispadias

A

Hypospadias- defect in ventral aspect of penis.

Epispadias- defect on dorsal aspect, urethra opens

29
Q

Foreskin

A

Phimosis- nonretractable foreskin

Praphimosis- foreskin fixed in retraction

Circumsion

30
Q

Penis Fracture

A

Rupture of engorged penile corporal bodies & tunica albuginea

  • audible pop w/ rapid penile detumescence
  • If Buck’s fascia ruptured= swelling & ecchymosis
  • CIrcummcising incision & repair of defect
  • Retrograde urethrogram should be performed to rule out urethral injry

Anatomy (10 decks)

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