Surgical Conditions of the Airways Flashcards
Conditions of the rhinarium?
Congenital = stenotic nares, cleft palate
Lacerations
Neoplasia e.g. SCC
Conditions causing nasal discharge in small animals?
Chronic hyperplasitic rhinitis Trauma Dental disease Intranasal neoplasia Mycotic rhinitis Foreign body
What is the pathophysiology of BOAS?
Primary - stenotic nares and long soft palate
Secondary - everted lateral laryngeal ventricles, laryngeal collapse
What are the two presenting syndromes in BOAS? How would you proceed with each one?
Unstable obstructive - O2, cool IVFT, whole body cooling, sedate, emergency intubation
Stable respiratory compromise - PE, Rads, bloodwork, evaluate upper airways under light anaesthesia
Surgical therapy for BOAS?
Enlarge nostrils
Soft palate trimming
Remove lateral ventricle mucosa
Post-op care after sx for BOAS?
Monitor tracheostomy tube removed after 24 hrs
Soft food 3-5 days
Restrict exercise 2w
Symptomatic tx for thoracic path
What are the clinical signs of laryngeal paralysis?
Exercise intolerance Chronic cough Increased insp noise (stridor) Cyanosis Asp pneumona
What are our aims in the treatment of laryngeal paralysis?
Relieve obstructive crisis
Permanently inc glottic diameter
What are the principles of a unilateral arytenoid lateralisation?
Extralaryngeal approach
Arytenoid pulled laterally and caudally => opens airways
What are the indications for a tracheostomy?
Temporary airway diversion (oral surgery)
Long term ventilation support
Emergency airway provision
What are the clinical signs of tracheal collapse?
Dynamic airway obstruction Exercise intolerance Goose honk cough - chronic Cyanosis Yorkies!
What diagnostic tests would you run to confirm tracheal collapse?
Signalment
PE - palpate trachea
Imagining - rads, fluoroscopy, endoscopy
Surgical treatment of patient with tracheal collapse?
Tracheal rings
Ideally in young adults, no concurrent disease, low BCS
What are the indications for a lung lobectomy?
Primary lung tumours Metastatic lung tumours Lung lob torsion Pulmonary abscess/infection Bullous disease Trauma
What is the pathophysiology of lung lobe torsion?
Lung lobe collapse => V/Q mismatch => hypoxia
