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Fire: Essentials of Firefighting and Firefighter Operations > Chapter 2 Firefighter Safety and Health > Flashcards

Chapter 2 Firefighter Safety and Health Flashcards

1
Q

NFPA and USFA numbers on fatalities and injuries per year

A

100 deaths. 80,000 injuries.

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2
Q

Leading types of injuries.

A

Strains and sprains. (nearly 50%)

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3
Q

Leading cause of death.

A

Stress and overexertion. (heart attack and stroke).

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4
Q

Injuries can be prevented by

A

training, discipline and accountability, safety SOP’s, using PPE, physical fitness, risk management guidelines, rehab at incidents.

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5
Q

Cardiovascular disease accounts for …….line of duty deaths.

A

45%, the highest factor.

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6
Q

Mitigate

A

To make less harsh or intense; to alleviate.

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7
Q

Hazard

A

Condition, substance, or device that can directly cause injury or loss; the source of a risk.

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8
Q

Percent of firefighters who are overweight.

A

40%

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9
Q

NFPA 1582

A

Standard on comprehensive occupational medical program for fire departments.

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10
Q

Stressor

A

Any agent, condition, or experience that causes stress.

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11
Q

Employee Assistance program

A

Program to help employees and their families with work or personal problems.

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12
Q

NFPA 1971

A

Standard on protective ensembles for structural fire fighting and proximity fire fighting.

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13
Q

NFPA 1975

A

Standard on station/work uniforms for emergency services.

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14
Q

NFPA 1977

A

Standard on protective clothing and equipment for wildland fire fighting.

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15
Q

NFPA 1403

A

Standard on live fire training evolution’s.

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16
Q

NFPA 1404

A

Standard for fire service respiratory protection training.

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17
Q

NFPA 1407

A

Standard for training fire service rapid intervention crews.

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18
Q

NFPA 1410

A

Standard on training for initial emergency scene operations.

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19
Q

NFPA 1451

A

Standard for fire service vehicle operations training program.

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20
Q

NFPA 1851

A

Standard on selection, care, and ,maintenance of protective ensembles for structural fire fighting and proximity fire fighting.

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21
Q

NFPA 1981

A

Standard on open circuit self contained breathing apparatus (SCBA) for emergency services.

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22
Q

NFPA 1581

A

Standard on fire department infection control programs.

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23
Q

NFPA 1582

A

Standard on comprehensive occupational medical program for fire departments.

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24
Q

NFPA 1584

A

Standard on the rehabilitation process for members during emergency operations and training exercises.

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25
Q

NFPA 1500

A

Standard on fire department occupational safety and health program.

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26
Q

Basic concept of NFPA 1500 is to

A

promote safety throughout the fire service.

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27
Q

Departmental safety and health programs must address ..

A

all anticipated hazards to which the members might be exposed.

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28
Q

NFPA 1500 requires personnel not be assigned to firefighting duties until the have meet the requirements of

A

NFPA 1000 series of professional qualification (ProQual) standards.

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29
Q

Risk Management Plan

A

Written plan that analyzes the exposure to hazards, implements appropriate risk management techniques, and establishes criteria for monitoring their effectiveness.

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30
Q

NFPA 101

A

Life safety code

31
Q

Faculties must have a space and means for cleaning, disinfecting and storing…..

A

infection control devices.

32
Q

Goal of a critical incident stress management program

A

provide counseling for personnel involved in highly stressful incidents.

33
Q

Topics covered in NFPA 1500

A

Safety and health related policies and procedures, Training and education, Fire apparatus, equipment, and driver/operators, PPE, Emergency operations, Facilty safety, Medical and physical requirements, Member assistance and wellness programs, Critical incident stress management program.

34
Q

OSHA’s code of federal regulations title 29 are designed to

A

ensure work places are free from hazards that can cause death or serious injury.

35
Q

OSHA regulations applies to

A

federal and and private sector employees.

36
Q

How many states have adopted OSHA regulations?

A

25

37
Q

Everyone goes home is also known as

A

16 firefighter life safety initiatives (pg61)

38
Q

What NFPA standard requires all organizations implement a risk management plan?

A

NFPA 1500

39
Q

NFPA requires departments implement a firefighter safety and health program that meats these three goals.

A
  1. Prevent human suffering, fatalities, injuries, and exposures to hazardous atmospheres and contagious diseases.
  2. Prevent damage to or loss of equipment.
  3. Reduce accidents and hazardous exposures, and their severity.
40
Q

Second leading cause of firefighter deaths

A

Motor Vehicle Accidents

41
Q

Five basic causes of fire apparatus collisions

A

Improper Backing, Excessive Speed, Lack of skill and experience, Reckless driving by the public, Poor design and maintenance.

42
Q

Situational Awarness

A

Perception of the surrounding environment, and the ability to anticipate future events.

43
Q

Who sets rules dealing with how responses are to be made in emergency vehicles.

A

States

44
Q

Multiple emergency vehicles should travel at least …………feet apart.

A

300-500

45
Q

Driver reaction distance

A

Distance travel from recognition of needing to stop to foot being applied to the brake.

46
Q

Braking distance

A

distance apparatus travel from when driver presses brake to when the apparatus has stopped.

47
Q

Total stopping distance

A

Driving reaction distance + Braking distance

48
Q

Internal Baffles

A

Prevent water from shifting the center of gravity of the apparatus.

49
Q

Exception to never allowing a person to ride on the outside of a apparatus.

A

slow speed (less than 5 mph) hose loading operations. Must be moving forward.

50
Q

The most expensive workers compensation claims are due to

A

back strains

51
Q

Standard establishes safety requirements for all use of tools and equipment.

A

NFPA 1500

52
Q

The most common tool type?

A

Un-powered (hand) tools.

53
Q

Any electrical tool not marked “double insulated” should have a

A

three prong plug

54
Q

According to NFPA,………………..firefighters died in training related incidents between 1996 and 2005.

A

100

55
Q

Minimize your exposure to risk by

A

Follow orders, Wear PPE, Work as a team, Follow SOP’s, Maintain communications with team and command, Do a risk/benefit analysis for every action, Employ safe and effective tactics, Never operate alone or without supervision, Perform an initial assessment and maintain situational awareness.

56
Q

Apply these basic techniques in fire fighting operations.

A

Scan the outside of the building to locate entrance and egress, Wear PPE, Manage air supply, Bring appropriate tools and equipment, Stay in physical, vocal, or visual contact with other members of your team, Maintain radio contact with command.

57
Q

DOT regulations require all personnel working on a roadway to wear

A

high visibility vest.

58
Q

Flood lights should be directed

A

high enough to be directed to the scene without being in personals eyes.

59
Q

Apparatus should be place at angle with the front wheels facing ……from the scene.

A

turned away

60
Q

To protect the pump operator the pump panel should be faced

A

on the protected side away from traffic

61
Q

Any apparatus not used to form a initial or secondary(10-200 feet away) barrier should be moved to

A

the shoulder of the road

62
Q

Signs and traffic cones can be used to

A

detour trafic

63
Q

4 guidelines for maintain situational awareness at accident scenes

A
  1. look before you move
  2. keep a eye on moving traffic
  3. walk facing oncoming traffic
  4. follow SOP’s
64
Q

A firefighter or other responsible person should stay with…………..and /or ……….. during a incident until the patient has been removed from the scene.

A

friends and/or family

65
Q

The best way to control a scene is to establish

A

control zones

66
Q

Establish a collapse zone under these three conditions.

A
  1. prolonged heat or fire that has weaken the structure.
  2. defensive strategy has been adopted.
  3. Interior operations cannot be justified.
67
Q

The safest place for defensive operations is

A

at the corners of a building

68
Q

Accountability systems are used to track personnel both in and out of the

A

hot zone

69
Q

3 types of accountability systems.

A
  1. passports
  2. SCBA tags
  3. computer based electronic
70
Q

Passport (tag) system

A

Passport given to command or accountability officer upon entering hot zone, given back when exiting hot zone.

71
Q

SCBA tag sytems

A

time within hot zone is determine upon lowest air pressure reading.

72
Q

Computer based electronic systems

A

radio/radar based tracking attached to ppe.

73
Q

Should only be used as a supplemental tracking system

A

Computer based electronic accountability systems.

Fire: Essentials of Firefighting and Firefighter Operations (21 decks)

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