Book 3 Chap 7

Question 1

Stimulus

Answer 1

Any change or signal in the environment that an organism can recognize and react to.

Question 2

Response

Answer 2

A reaction to a stimulus.

Question 3

Neurons

Answer 3

Cells that carry information through your nervous system.

Question 4

Nerve impulse

Answer 4

The message that a neuron carries.

Question 5

Dendrite

Answer 5

A branchlike structure that picks up the impulses.

Question 6

Axon

Answer 6

The long structure leading away from the cell body.

Question 7

Nerve

Answer 7

A bundle of nerve fibers.

Question 8

Sensory neuron

Answer 8

Picks up a stimulus and converts it into a nerve impulse.

Question 9

Interneuron

Answer 9

Carries a nerve impulse to another interneuron or to a motor neuron.

Question 10

Motor neuron

Answer 10

Sends an impulse to a muscle or gland, enabling it to respond.

Question 11

Synapse

Answer 11

The place where a neuron transfers an impulse to another structure.

Question 12

Central Nervous System

Answer 12

Include the brain and spinal cord and acts like the traffic cop.

Question 13

Peripheral nervous system

Answer 13

Includes all the nerves outside of the central nervous system, which are like the car drivers.

Question 14

Brain

Answer 14

Control center.

Question 15

Spinal cord

Answer 15

A thick column of nervous tissue that links the brain to the peripheral nervous system.

Question 16

Cerebrum

Answer 16

Interprets input from your senses, controls movement, and carries out complex mental processes such as learning and remembering.

Question 17

Cerebellum

Answer 17

Coordinates your muscle actions and helps you keep your balance.

Question 18

Brain stem

Answer 18

Controls your body’s involuntary actions. For example, it helps control your breathing and heartbeat.

Question 19

Somatic nervous system

Answer 19

Controls voluntary actions.

Question 20

Autonomic nervous system

Answer 20

Controls involuntary actions.

Question 21

Reflex

Answer 21

An automatic response that occurs rapidly without conscious control.

Question 22

Concussion

Answer 22

Occurs when soft tissue of the brain is bruised as it collides against the skull.

Question 23

Cornea

Answer 23

The clear tissue that covers the front of the eye.

Question 24

Pupil

Answer 24

The opening through which light enters the eye.

Question 25

Iris

Answer 25

A circular structure that surrounds the pupil and regulates how much light enters the eye.

Question 26

Lens

Answer 26

A flexible structure that focuses light.

Question 27

Retina

Answer 27

Lines the back of the eye and contains light-sensitive cells.

Question 28

Nearsightedness

Answer 28

See nearby objects clearly but not distant objects.

Question 29

Farsightedness

Answer 29

See distant objects clearly but not nearby objects.

Question 30

Eardrum

Answer 30

A membrane that vibrates when sound waves strike it.

Question 31

Cochlea

Answer 31

A snail-shaped tube lined wit sound receptor cells.

Question 32

Semicircular canals

Answer 32

Help central nervous system maintain balance.

Question 33

Taste buds

Answer 33

Sensory receptors on your tongue.