Pancrease

Question 1

shape of the pancreas and size

Answer 1

oblong-shaped and flattened organ, about the size of a hand.

Question 2

reguoms youd find the pancreas

Answer 2

located deep within the upper abdomen in the epigastrium and left hypochodrium regions.

Question 3

where is the stomach duodeum spleen and vasulature relative to the pancreas

Answer 3

Stomach – lies anteriorly and superiorly.
Duodenum – situated anteriorly and medially, curving around the head of the pancreas.
Spleen – located posteriorly and laterally. It is connected by ligaments to the tail of the pancreas.
Vasculature – the aorta and inferior vena cava pass posteriorly to the head of the pancreas.

Question 4

describe the head of the pancrease

Answer 4

This is the widest part of the pancreas. It lies within the C-shaped curve created by the duodenum, and is connected to it by connective tissue.

Question 5

describe the uncinate process of the pancrease

Answer 5

This is a projection arising from the lower part of the head and extending medially to lie beneath the body of the pancreas. It lies posterior to the superior mesenteric vessels.

Question 6

describe the neck of the pancrease

Answer 6

Located between the head and the body of the pancreas. It overlies the superior mesenteric vessels which form a groove in its posterior aspect. Located between the head and the body of the pancreas. It overlies the superior mesenteric vessels which form a groove in its posterior aspect.

Question 7

describe the body of the pancrease

Answer 7

the body is centrally located, crossing the midline of the human body to lie behind the stomach and to the left of the superior mesenteric vessels

Question 8

describe the tail of the pancrease

Answer 8

the left end of the pancreas that lies within close proximity to the hilum of the spleen. It is contained within the splenorenal ligament with the splenic vessels. This is the only part of the pancreas that is intraperitoneal.

Question 9

lmphatics pf the pancreas

Answer 9

The pancreas is drained by lymphatic vessels that follow the arterial supply. They empty into the pancreaticosplenal nodes and the pyloric nodes, which in turn drain into the superior mesenteric and coeliac lymph nodes.

Question 10

veinous drainge of the pancreas

Answer 10

Venous drainage of the head of the pancreas is into the superior mesenteric branches of the hepatic portal vein. The pancreatic veins draining the rest of the pancreas do so into the splenic vein.

Question 11

arterial supply of the pancrease

Answer 11

pancreas is supplied by the pancreatic branches of the splenic artery. The head is additionally supplied by the superior and inferior pancreaticoduodenal arteries which are branches of the gastroduodenal (from coeliac trunk) and superior mesenteric arteries, respectively.

Question 12

what type of gland is the exocrine pancrease decribe as

Answer 12

serous

Question 13

what is the serous gland composed of

Answer 13

approximately a million ‘berry-like’ clusters of cells called acini, connected

Question 14

what is the acini connnected by

Answer 14

by short intercalated ducts.

Question 15

what are ntercalated duct cells beginning within acini

Answer 15

centroacinar cells

Question 16

The intercalated ducts drain into a network of intralobular collecting ducts, what does that in turn drain into

Answer 16

the main pancreatic duct.

Question 17

path of the pancreatic duct

Answer 17

Fig 1.3 - The exocrine pancreas, secreting into the duodenum Fig 3 – The exocrine pancreas, secreting into the duodenum
The exocrine compartment is classified as a serous gland. It is composed of approximately a million ‘berry-like’ clusters of cells called acini, connected by short intercalated ducts.

Intercalated duct cells beginning within acini are called centroacinar cells. The intercalated ducts drain into a network of intralobular collecting ducts, which in turn drain into the main pancreatic duct.

The pancreatic duct runs the length of the pancreas and unites with the common bile duct, forming the hepatopancreatic ampulla of Vater. This structure opens into the duodenum.

Question 18

what are the secretions into the duodenm controlled by

Answer 18

the sphincter of Oddi. It surrounds the ampulla of Vater, acting as a valve.