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CPT (Milpa) > Immunosuppressive > Flashcards

Immunosuppressive Flashcards

1
Q

What drug is given to meningitis contacts?

A

Rifampicin

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2
Q

What drug is given to treat conjunctivitis?

A

Chloramphenicol

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3
Q

What are the groups of drugs used to treat rheumatoid arthritis?

A

DMARDs

Biologics

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4
Q

What is used to treat acute flares of rheumatoid arthritis?

A

NSAIDs

Glucocorticoids

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5
Q

Give examples of immunosuppressant DMARDs used in RA

A

Corticosteroids (avoid long-term)
Azithioprine
Calcineurin inhibitors
JAK inhibitors

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6
Q

Name some other DMARDs (non-immunosuppressive) used to treat RA

A

Methotrexate (gold standard)
Sulphasalazine
Anti-TNF angents
Rituximab

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7
Q

Give examples of biological response modifiers used to treat RA

A

Abatacept
Rituximab (very effective)
Infliximab
Anakinra

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8
Q

What drugs are used to treat SLE?

A

Corticosteroids

Immunosuppressants (if severe)

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9
Q

What drugs are used to treat vasculitis?

A

Corticosteroids

Immunosuppressants

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10
Q

Name the 4 classes of immunosuppressants

A

Steroids
Cytokines inhibitors
Biological agents
Anti-metabolites

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11
Q

Give examples of immunosuppressant steroids

A

Prednisolone

Methylprednisolone

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12
Q

Give examples of immunosuppressant cytokines inhibitors

A

Cyclosporin

Tacrolimus

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13
Q

Give some examples of immunosuppressive biological agents

A

Adalimumab

Infliximab

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14
Q

Give some examples of immunosuppressive antimetabolites

A

Methotrexate

Azathioprine

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15
Q

When might corticosteroids be used?

A

Immunosuppression (RA)
Anti-inflammatory (asthma, giant cell arteritis)
Replacement therapy (Addison’s, hypoadrenalism)

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16
Q

What is the action of corticosteroids?

A

Bind to intracellular cytoplasmic receptors
Then bind to nucleus
Promote/inhibit gene transcription
Prevent IL-1 and 6 production by macrophages
Inhibit all stages of T cell activation

17
Q

ADRs of corticosteroids?

A 
Hypertension
Increased infection risk
Osteoporosis
GI disturbances
Bruising and thinning of the skin
Weight gain (central)
Mood changes (psychosis and depression)
Diabetes
18
Q

What are the uses of methotrexate?

A

RA
Malignancy
Psoriasis/psoriaritic arthritis
Crohn’s disease

19
Q

How does methotrexate work in malignant disease?

A

Inhibits DHFR enzyme
Inhibits synthesis of DNA, RNA and proteins
Greater effect on more rapidly dividing cells

20
Q

What are the adverse effects of methotrexate?

A

Mucositis
Myelosuppression
Both respond to folic acid supplements

Hepatitis
Cirrhosis
Pneumonitis
Infection risk

21
Q

Why should methotrexate not be used during pregnancy?

A

Highly teratogenic

Causes miscarriage

CPT (Milpa) (20 decks)

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