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Physics > Part 1 > Flashcards

Part 1 Flashcards

1
Q

what is the equation for pressure difference?

A

pressure difference= height x density x g(10)

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2
Q

what is pressure measured in?

A

pascals

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3
Q

what is g?

A

g is the acceleration due to gravity (10)

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4
Q

what is the relationship between pressure at a point in a gas or a liquid?

A

in gases and liquids (at rest) the pressure at any point acts/ exerts equally in all directions

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5
Q

what is Boyle’s law?

A

boyle’s law states that at a constant temperature for a fixed mass, the absolute pressure and the volume of a gas are inversely proportional. When volume is high, pressure is low. When pressure is high, volume is low

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6
Q

what is the equation for Boyle’s law?

A

P1V1=P2V2

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7
Q

what has to be constant for boyle’s law to apply?

A

the number of molecules and the temperature

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8
Q

what properties do molecules in a gas have?

A

molecules in a gas have a random motion and they exert a force and hence a pressure on the walls of a container

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9
Q

why is there an absolute zero of temperature?

A

heat is energy and 0K is the point atoms no longer have any energy (they are frozen)

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10
Q

what is absolute zero?

A

-273°C or 0K

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11
Q

how can you convert from kelvin to °?

A

to convert from kelvin to ° simply subtract 273. To convert from ° to kelvin simply add 273

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12
Q

describe the kelvin scale of temperature

A

0K or -273° is practically the beginning of the kelvin scale.

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13
Q

what happens if you increase the temperature of something?

A

if you increase the temperature of something, you increase the energy levels in it. The molecules in it will then have more kinetic energy- this means they will be travelling faster

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14
Q

what is the relationship between pressure and kelvin temperature for gas in a sealed container (at constant volume)?

A

the pressure of a given amount of gas held at constant volume is directly proportional to the kelvin temperature. As the pressure goes up, so does the temperature and vice-versa

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15
Q

what is the equation for weight?

A

mass x g

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16
Q

what is mass?

A

the amount of physical matter that makes up an object. It is fixed therefore would be the same anywhere in the universe

17
Q

what is weight?

A

weight shows how the mass is pulled by the force of gravity (g). The strength of g depends on where you are in the universe

18
Q

what is weight measured in?

A

newtons

19
Q

what is the equation for GPE?

A

mass x height x g

20
Q

what is the equation for kinetic energy?

A

1/2 x mass x velocity2

21
Q

how does conservation energy create a link between GPE, KE and work?

A

GPE is associated with an objects mass and its position. It is equal to the work one must do to lift an object some distance against a gravitational force. If an object falls, it gives up its GPE. The gravitational force does work on it, and speeds it up. Its GPE is converted into KE

22
Q

what is the equation linking KE and GPE?

A

kinetic energy gained= GPE lost

23
Q

what is power?

A

power is the measurement of how quickly work can be done/ energy can be transferred. A more powerful person can do the same amount of work in a shorter time

24
Q

what is the equation for power?

A

power= work done/ time taken

25
Q

how do you plot a distance-time graph?

A

distance must be on the y axis, time must be on the x axis. Simply mark the distance travelled at every chosen point eg. every second

26
Q

how do you interpret a distance-time graph?

A
  • horizontal line means the object is stationary
  • diagonal line upwards means the object is moving forwards (the steeper the line the faster)
  • diagonal line downwards means the object is moving backwards/towards the start
  • curved lines upwards or downwards mean acceleration or deceleration
27
Q

what is the equation for acceleration?

A

acceleration= change in velocity/ time taken

28
Q

how do you plot a velocity-time graph?

A

velocity on y axis, time on x axis

29
Q

how do you interpret velocity-time graphs?

A
  • diagonal line upwards= acceleration
  • diagonal line downwards= deceleration
  • horizontal line= constant speed
  • the stepper the line= the more acceleration/ deceleration
30
Q

how do you determine acceleration from a velocity-time graph?

A

velocity/ time or rise/run

31
Q

how do you determine the distance travelled from the area between a velocity time-graph and the time axis?

A

the area under the line in a velocity- time graph represents the distance travelled

Physics (4 decks)

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