Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Computing > Things I dont know > Flashcards

Things I dont know Flashcards

1
Q

advantage of relational databases

A

cuts down on data redundancy

cuts down on data inconsistancy

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

what is a foreign key

A

a key which links one table to another

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

what is a relational database

A

contains several tables that can be linked to each other using primary and foreign keys

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

what is a one to many relationship

A

an entity which appears once in one record but mnay times in another record

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

what is an attribute

A

set of properties used to describe instances of an enttity

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

what is unsrictured data

A
  • not ordered into categories making it difficult to be linked and searched
  • ie images and uploads to social networking sites
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

what is an enetity

A

something which data is stored about

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

how are attributs about an entity written

A

CAR(make, model, year, colour)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

compostie key

A

primary keys combined to make one unique primary key

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what is a database

A

persistent store of data which is organised so it can be quickly searched

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

examples of lossy compression

A

JPEG

MP3

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

need for data compression

A
  • transfer speed is quicker
  • less storage space needed
  • audio and video files can be streamed
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

examples of lossless compression

A

PNG/GIF files

compressed text files

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

how is sound represented digitally

A

samples of the analogue recording are taken at regular fixed intervals
they are played back one after the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how is sound represented digitally

A

samples of the analogue recording are taken at regular fixed intervals
they are played back one after the other

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

concept of a stored program

A
  • both program and data are stored in memory

- the design we use today (von neuman model)

17
Q

how is data stored onfalsh memory

A

electricity is used to changed the stae of the transistors it is made of

18
Q

advantages of using flash memory device over magnetic hard disc for data storage

A

more portable
solid state (no moving parts)
quieter
less easily damaged

19
Q

disadvantage of flash memory

A

currently more expensive than magnetic storage in price per GB but price difference is shrinking

20
Q

purpose and function of defragmentation

A
  • reorgansises fragmented files which are saved to different areas of the disc where there is free space
  • puts pieces of related data together so fewer disc access are needed o read the data
  • improves performance of hard disc and frees up more space
21
Q

purpose and function of backing up

A
  • copying files to a second medium ie disc/cloud service so they can be restored if there are problems with the originals
  • compress data to take up kess storage space
22
Q

purpose and function of compression

A
  • uses algorithms to reduces file sizes so less storage space is required
  • makes it easier to transmit files (mostly audio/video) by email/upload or download them onto cloud services
23
Q

purpose and function of antivirus

A

checks if all files that are loaded onto the computer for viruses
carries out routine scans and checks for viruses in emails

24
Q

suitability of low level programming language for a task

A
  • embedded systems ie cameras/ washing machines as it directly conrols system hardware
  • write to real time systems where speed is essentail
25
Q

define assembler and give advantages and disadvantages

A
  • translates mnemonics in assembly languages into machine code insturcitions
26
Q

define compiler and give advantages and disadvantages

A

translates soucre code into a machine code program that can be executed by the processor

  • programmers must identify and remove errors at the end since it only reports errors at the end
  • cant change program without changing the orginial souce code, editing and recompling

+ translation only needs to be done once
+ protect source code from competitors who could steal code

27
Q

define interpreter and give advantages and disadvantages

A

translates high level language line by line into machine code. must be done each time code is run

  • slower to execute the program as each line must be translated each time is is run
    + code is cross platform is can run on many different operating systems
    + code can be easily edited as it is always source code
    + errors are reported immediately and pinpointed so is easier for programmers to debug
28
Q

what is an operating system. give its function

A

manages user interactions with computer system and runs and maintains computer system

  • memory management as different programs will be requesting the loading of data and instruction
  • manages input and output devices required for the input and output of data
  • allocates CPU time as they all require CPU to execute program instructions
29
Q

how is data stored on the cloud. why is it preferable to local storage

A
  • stored offsite and made available to users over a network
  • not restricted to one location can be accessed from anywhere in the world with an internet connection
  • users around the world can collaborate with each other
30
Q

purpose and function of antimalware

A
  • scan for malware using database of known malware signatures
  • other use heuristics (set of rules to check data for malware based on their behaviour)
31
Q

why must source code from high level languages be translated into machine code

A
  • that is the only language a processor can execute
32
Q

how does multitasking work on a computer with a single processor

A

multitasking is the process where computer appears to be running many programs concurrently

  • they are not running concurrently as the operating system is allocating CPU time so in turn they can have their program instructions processed
  • CPU switches btwn tasks and priorities them so some have more CPU time than others
33
Q

role of the operating system in multitasking

A

allocates CPU time to different processes thatre occurring

- checks that requests for memory space are valid and allocates it accordingly

34
Q

role of HTTP

A

provides the set of rules for formatting and transmitting data
enables the exchange of data btwn a client browser and web server

Computing (6 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions