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Hearing Science 2 > Midterm anatomy > Flashcards

Midterm anatomy Flashcards

1
Q

Cartilage frame, helps funnel and localize sound, amplifies sound as it enters EAC

A

Pinna

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2
Q

Concavities of Pinna

A

Concha-Tragus
Triangular fossa
Scaphoid fossa

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3
Q

Convexities of Pinna

A

Helix

Antihelix

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4
Q

Length of external auditory canal

A

2.5 cm

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5
Q

What part of external auditory canal is cartilage?

A

Lateral 1/3

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6
Q

What part of external auditory canal is bony?

A

Medial 2/3

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7
Q

Skin of external auditory canal

A

Cartilaginous portion- hair follicles, sebaceous glands, and ceruminous glands
Bony- thinner with no other structures

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8
Q

Neural innervation of external auditory canal

A

Trigeminal nerve
Greater auriculnar nerve
Auricular branch of Vegus
Facial nerve & chordo tympani

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9
Q

Tympanic membrane characteristics

A

Approx 9mm diameter, approx 140 degrees, attached to canal wall & malleus

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10
Q

Layers of pars Tensa

A

Lateral epidermal- continuous with EAC skin
Medial mucosal
Intermedial fibrous

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11
Q

Ossicular chain bones

A

Malleus
Incus
Stapes

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12
Q

Parts of malleus

A

Manubrium-attaches to TM at umbo due to encircling by pars propria
Head & neck
Lateral process-adheres to pars propria of TM
Anterior process

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13
Q

Parts of incus

A

Body- articulates with head of malleus
Short process- anchors to posterior ligament
Long process- parallels manubrium
Lenticular process- articulates with stapes

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14
Q

Parts of stapes

A

Head- attaches to incus
Footplate- attaches to oval window by the annular ligament
2 crura- support the footplate to head

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15
Q

Middle ear tegmen

A

Serves as roof & floor to middle cranial fossa

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16
Q

Floor of middle ear contains

A

Jugular bulb & root of styloid process

17
Q

Anterior part of middle ear contains

A

Internal carotid, ET orifice, tensor tympani

18
Q

Posterior part of middle ear contains

A

Pyramidal eminence (Stapedius tendon)

19
Q

Medial part of middle ear contains

A

Sinus tympani, oval & round window niches

20
Q

Eustacian tube

A

Mucosal lined tube for ventilation of the ME

21
Q

Composition of ET

A

Cartilaginous portion- anteromedial 2/3

Bony portion- lateral 1/3

22
Q

Oval window

A

Membrane covering entry to cochlea

23
Q

Areal ratio

A

With area of TM larger than that of the oval window there is at least a 20:1 ratio of pressure amplification

24
Q

Transduction in audition

A

Sound pressure–> mechanical pressure–> hydromechanical pressure –> generation of electrical potential

25
Q

Scala vasculara of organ of Corti

A

Provides nutrition

26
Q

How the organ of Corti works

A

Reissner s membrane moves and displaces fluid

27
Q

What are the 2 types of hair cells

A

Type 1 is globular, IHC

Type 2 is cylindrical, OHC

28
Q

What are the 2 types of afferents

A
  1. Thicker, mylinated, IHC

2. Thinner, unmylinated, OHC

29
Q

Connections that join the HCs

A

Cross row, between row, tip links

30
Q

Type 1 afferents

A 
Make up 95% of auditory system
Multiple neurons innervate single HC
Mylinated
Thickens after it leaves habenula perforata
Dendrites thin as they approach soma
31
Q

Small opening in the spiral lamina throug which dendrites of primary auditory system pass

A

Habenula perforata

32
Q

Type 2 afferents

A 
Make up 5% of auditory system
Single neuron innervates multiple HCs
Most innervate first row of OHCs
Unmylinated
Thickens as it leaves habenula perforata
Dendrites thicken as they approach soma
33
Q

Tonotopic arrangement

A

The basilar membrane is arranged from HF to LF, narrow and thinner to wider and thicker

34
Q

Movement of basilar membrane

A

Envelope- traveling wave

35
Q

Ascending auditory pathway

A 
C SLIM C
Cochlea 
Superior Olivary complex 
Lateral Lemniscus 
Inferior Colliculus 
Medial Geniculate body 
Auditory cortex

Hearing Science 2 (7 decks)

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