Solutes, Solvents And Solutions Solubility Flashcards
What are solutes, solvents and solutions?
A solid dissolved in a liquid makes a solution. In a solution, the liquid is called a solvent and the solid is called a solute.
What does the word soluble mean?
Filtering will not separate the salt from the sea water because the salt has dissolved in the water. When salt is stirred into the water, the salt grains seem to disappear. They completely split up and mix in with the water. A SUBSTANCE THAT DISSOLVES IS SAID TO BE SOLUBLE.
What happens when a solution is made?
When you make a solution, the solute does not go away. All the solute you use stays in the solution. The total mass of a solution is always equal to the mass of solvent added to the mass of solute.
What happens when a solution is made?
Explained
We can explain what happens using the idea of particles.
The particles in a solid are all held together in a fixed arrangement.
When the solid dissolves, the particles come away from each other. They mix with the particles in the solvent.
The particles of the salt are too small to be trapped by the filter paper. That’s why filtering cannot be used to separate a dissolved solid from a liquid.
Stuff you should know……
Mass of solvent + mass of solute = mass of solution
When a solid dissolves, the particles separate and mix with the solvent molecules.
Why filtering cannot be used to separate a solvent and a solute.
How do you test for solubility?
Measure some water. Put the substance in water and stir. Keep adding until it dissolves. Measure the mass of the water now. eg. if it was 20 before and 60 now, you know that the substance is quite soluble as it 30 has dissolved.
Which substances are soluble and which aren’t?
The most soluble substance would probably be sucrose.
The least soluble is probably sodium chloride.
As the temperature rises, potassium nitrate becomes more soluble.
