Enzymes

Question 1

Describe what an enzyme is

Answer 1

Enzymes are biological catalysts. They speed up reactions without being used up, enzymes are high specific and only catalyse one reaction
Globular proteins with a region called a active site

Enzymes can be intracellular or extra cellular

Question 2

What affect do enzyme have on activation energy?

Answer 2

They lower the activation energy needed for a reaction to take place at the kind of temperatures found inside organisms

Question 3

Describe the lock and key model

Answer 3

1. Substrate collides with the active site of an enzyme. The substrate must be complementary shape to the enzymes active site in order to fit
2. An enzyme- substrate complex forms as the reaction take place due to lowered activation energy. An enzyme product complex is formed
3. The enzyme modifies the substrate forming the product which is then released from active site

Question 4

Describe the induced fit theory

Answer 4

The substrate molecules bind with the active site and the active site is thought to change shape slightly. This is called the induced fit hypothesis

Question 5

Initial rate of reaction equation

Answer 5

Amount of product mg/ time taken to produce

Question 6

Temperature Coefficient Q10 equation

Answer 6

Rate of reaction at (T+10)oC/ rate of reaction at T

Question 7

What is a competitive inhibitor

Answer 7

These are similar in shape to the substrate or the complementary shape to the active site and bind to the active site, preventing the substrate from binding

Question 8

What is a Non competitive inhibitor

Answer 8

Do not bind to the active site but with the allosteric site, which changes the shape of the active site so normal substrate cannot bind

Question 9

What is a co factor?

Answer 9

Some enzymes will only function if another non- protein substance is present