Midterm Review (2)

Question 1

What is a digital immigrant?

Answer 1

Individuals that have moved into the internet and who lived in a social reality that did not involve the internet. Typically, these people were alive before 1995.

Question 2

What is a digital native?

Answer 2

Individuals that grew up with the internet as a part of their social reality. Typically, these people are born after 1995.

Question 3

What device lead to the scientific revolution?

Answer 3

Printing Press

Question 4

What occurred in the 1760s?

Answer 4

Industrial Revolution

Question 5

Who focused on the term “culture industry”?

Answer 5

Adorno and Horkheimer

Question 6

What are the two metaphors that typically describe traditional media?

Answer 6

1) The mirror metaphor (what we see in the media is a reflection of us) and 2) window metaphor (what we see in the media is what we see happening around us).

Question 7

What are the three constraints on how news is produced?

Answer 7

Routines, format, and goal of appearing impartial.

Question 8

What is the 80/20 rule?

Answer 8

80% of people will draw common sets of conclusions based on their reading of a text or article (preferred reading). 20% will have a divergent attitude because of different experiences (alternative reading).

Question 9

What are two approaches to technological change found in Chapter 3 of the textbook?

Answer 9

Technological Determinism and the Social Shaping of Technology

Question 10

What is technological determinism?

Answer 10

Broadly speaking, social change is driven by changes in technology.

Question 11

What is the social shaping of technology?

Answer 11

Theory advocates that social, institutional, economic and cultural factors shape technological innovation. Shapes the understanding of technology and society.

Question 12

Marshall McLuhan

Answer 12

Controversial Canadian theorist that argues media influences not only WHAT people think but how people thing.

Question 13

Raymond Williams

Answer 13

Interested in how technologies are shaped by social, cultural, political and economic forces.

Question 14

Public Sphere

Answer 14

Writings of Habermas. Neutral zone where access to information affecting public good is widely available, discussion is free of domination and those participating do so on an equal basis.

Question 15

What’s link between the media and democratic society?

Answer 15

Public Sphere

Question 16

When was the CRTC formed to regulate commercial radio?

Answer 16

1932

Question 17

What company began to start buying smaller telegraph networks to form a large one?

Answer 17

Western Union

Question 18

When did the internet become mainstream?

Answer 18

1995

Question 19

What is meant by “Technology is not God given”

Answer 19

We create technology. We also use technology. We need to ensure our interaction with technology is active; not passive.

Question 20

What is meant by “Technological change is not additive” but “ecological”

Answer 20

Technological change changes everything, and has a profound impact on everything. Hard to see what accumulative impact technology changes have.

Question 21

ICTs are about what two things?

Answer 21

ICTs are technologies that enable information exchange and communication.