Brain Flashcards
What are the 4 lobes of the cerebral cortex, and their functions?
Frontal - higher functions, problem solving, personality, motor
Parietal - sensory
Occipital - visual
Temporal - hearing, language, memory
What are the functional areas of the brain and their components?
Telencephalon (cerebrum)
- 4 cerebral lobes
Cerebellum
Diencephalon (thalamus & hypothalamus)
Mesencephalon (midbrain)
Metencephalon (pons)
Medulla Oblongata
What are the components of the brainstem, and their functions?
Midbrain (mesencephalon)
Pons (metencephalon)
Medulla oblongata
Midbrain (mesencephalon) - processing of visual and auditory data, maintenance of consciousness
Pons (metencephalon) - relays sensory information to cerebellum and thalamus
Medulla oblongata - relays sensory information to thalamus, autonomic centres for control of visceral functions (ie: CV, respiratory, digestive)
What are the functions of the cerebellum?
Co-ordination of voluntary movement
Balance and equilibrium
Describe the 6 anatomical landmarks of the cerebellum
1 fissure
3 sulci
2 gyri
Longitudinal fissure - sagittal separation between right and left cerebral hemispheres
Central sulcus - separates frontal and parietal lobes
Pre-central gyrus - primary motor area (frontal lobe)
Post-central gyrus - primary sensory area (parietal lobe)
Lateral sulcus - separates parietal and frontal lobes
Parieto-occipital sulcus - separates parietal and occipital lobes
Describe the anatomical landmarks within each cerebral lobe
Frontal - superior, middle & inferior gyri; pre-central gyrus (primary motor cortex)
Parietal - superior & inferior lobule; post-central gyri (primary sensory cortex)
Temporal - superior, middle & inferior gyri
What are the components and functions of the diencephalon?
Thalmus, epithalamus & hypothalamus
Thalamus - relay centre for brain, synapse between 2nd and 3rd order neurons in sensory pathways
Hypothalmaus - physiological functions in maintaining homestatis (ANS functions)
