States Of Matter STRUCTURE AND BONDING Flashcards
What is a solid?
Fixed shape and volume. Can’t be compressed.
What is a liquid?
Fixed volume but can flow and change their shape.
What is a gas?
No fixed shape or volume. They can be compressed easily.
What is the particle theory?
All matter is made up of tiny particles and describes:
The movement of the particles.
The average distance between particles.
What is the link between movement of particles and the pressure of a gas?
The more frequent and energetic the collisions, the higher the pressure of the gas.
What happens to a liquid turning into a gas at boiling point?
As the temperature rises, more and more energy is transferred from the surroundings to the particles and the particles escape from the surface of the liquid.
What happens to a solid when it turns into a liquid?
The hotter the solid is, the faster the particles vibrate. Eventually, the vibrations will be so strong that the particles begin to break free from their neighbours. At this point, the sold starts to melt and become a liquid.
What happens to the forces of substances with higher melting and boiling points?
They have stronger forces operating between their particles.
What happens at the melting point of a substance?
Enough energy is transferred from the surroundings to the solid for the forces to break. Once all the solid has melted, the transfer of energy from the surroundings to the substance causes the temperature of the liquid to continue to rise.
