Legislation and Statistics, 1940-1949

Question 1

What was the Family Allowances Act 1945?

Answer 1

25p paid weekly to the mother for every child after the first

Question 2

What education act extended the leaving age to 15 and divided schools into primary and secondary schools?

Answer 2

1944 Butler Act

Question 3

How were the gov racist in 1940?

Answer 3

1940 Gov rejected offer from Caribbeans offering to pay for and provide 3000 Jamaican troops

Question 4

What act enabled those in the colonies to have British citizenship?

Answer 4

1948 British Nationality Act

Question 5

How did the arrival of Americans in 1942 make racism worse?

Answer 5

1942 American troops came to UK with segregated army. Tried to enforce it in UK. Businesses used it as an excuse to enforce the colour bar.

Question 6

When did 492 Jamaicans arrive on the SS Empire Windrush?

Answer 6

1948

Question 7

When was the NHS Act?

Answer 7

1946

Question 8

What did the 1946 Industrial Injuries Act ensure?

Answer 8

Compensation for those injured at work

Question 9

How high was the top rate of tax in the PW period?

Answer 9

90%

Question 10

What did the 1948 National Assistance Act do?

Answer 10

Covered those not covered by the National Insurance Act

Question 11

What was the National Insurance Act 1946?

Answer 11

25p weekly charge on incomes, gave everyone sickness and unemployment benefit rights, pensions

Question 12

In what state was the economy after WW2?

Answer 12

GB trade disrupted by the war, economy had contracted by ¼, trade declined by ⅔

Question 13

Why was rationing re introduced in 1947?

Answer 13

Keynes visited Washington in 1945 to negotiate an emergency loan for GB - wanted it to be non repayable, a gift for war efforts but US didn’t agree.

Question 14

How much was PW debt as well as interest?

Answer 14

£4 billion of debt with USA post war. Interest mounting to £70 million each day.

Question 15

When were restaurants rationed?

Answer 15

1942

Question 16

How did bombing affect people?

Answer 16

Deaths of 40,000 people due to bombing. 2 million homes destroyed

Question 17

What was the Tayler Walter’s report?

Answer 17

Specified minimum number of rooms for each house and space they needed. Restricted to building 12 houses per acre.

Question 18

What was thr 1944 Temporary Accomodatation Act?

Answer 18

Built prefabricated houses meant to only last 10 years

Question 19

What was the 1946 New Towns Act?

Answer 19

Created towns like Stevenage and Telford to ease Birmingham and London

Question 20

When did industries remove their marriage bars?

Answer 20

Teaching 1944
Civil service 1946
Bank of England 1949

Question 21

What did a 1948 study of 100 women find?

Answer 21

• Desire to end work after marriage
• Need for extra income as main motivation for working
• Didn’t define themselves by their work or see it as important

Question 22

What popular Ealing comedy was produced in the 1940s?

Answer 22

• 1947 Hue and Cry - about school boys who thwart a criminal gang, filmed in bomb ruins of East London.

Question 23

What did the NHS consist of in 1948?

Answer 23

Made up of 3100 hospitals with 550,000 beds, employing 360,000 staff

Question 24

How many female nurses were recruited in 1948?

Answer 24

54,000

Question 25

What did the Percy Report 1945 recommend?

Answer 25

That science and engineering should take over classical education like latin
Expansion of unis for influx of more students due to Butler Act

Question 26

What did the Barlow Report 1946 state?

Answer 26

Confirmed there were not enough scientists

Wanted expansion of unis