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Britain > Yeh > Flashcards

Yeh Flashcards

1
Q

1976 NI

A

Special category status removed

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2
Q

Death of Bobby Sands

A

1981

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3
Q

Brighton hotel bombing

A

1984

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4
Q

Anglo-Irish Agreement

A

1985

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5
Q

Downing Street Dec

A

1993

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6
Q

Equal pay for teachers

A

1952

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7
Q

Fridge

A

1957-59 - 58%

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8
Q

End of national service

A

1960

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9
Q

Post office tower

A

1965

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10
Q

Education

A

1965 Circular 10/65 Tony Crosland

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11
Q

NHS Family Planning Act

A

1967

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12
Q

Open Uni

A

1969

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13
Q

Permanent abolition of capital punishment

A

1969

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14
Q

Contraception on NHS

A

1971

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15
Q

1962 imm

A

Commonwealth Immigrants Act

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16
Q

Imm Heath

A

1971 Immigrant Act

Grandparen, job

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17
Q

Matrimonial Property Act

A

1970

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18
Q

Thatcher as Tory leader

A

1975

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19
Q

Ecology Party

A

1975

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20
Q

Sex Pistols’ ‘GSTQ’

A

1977

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21
Q

Pop of National Front

A

1976

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22
Q

Greenpeace UK

A

1977

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23
Q

Faith in the City

A

1985

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24
Q

Section 28 introduced

A

1988

-> almost back to outright homophobia

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25
Q

Rape within marriage made a criminal offence

A

1994

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26
Q

Growth of girl power

A

Mid 90s

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27
Q

Death of Diana

A

1997

-> increased criticism of monarchy - queen ‘didnt care’ -> challenge to establishment

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28
Q

Human Rights Act

A

1998

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29
Q

Macpherson Report

A

1998

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30
Q

Intro of ASBOs

A

1998

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31
Q

First black cabinet minister

A

Paul Boateng 2002

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32
Q

Act after 7/7

A

Terrorist Act 2006

National Identity Card Act 2006

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33
Q

Wilson beginning good relation w TUs

A

Appointed Frank Cousins to his cabinet in 1964

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34
Q

IPOS cos

A

Wild cat strikes

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35
Q

IPOS defeated by

A

50 rebel Labour MPs

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36
Q

Heath TUs Act

A

Industrial Relations Act

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37
Q

Heath election campaign after 3DW

A

Who Governs Britain

Feb 1974

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38
Q

Whilst in opp….

A

Wilson negotiated the Social Contract (1973) with TUC

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39
Q

Callaghan imposed wage increase limit of

A

5% 1978

Rejected by TUC

40
Q

….by …., the average pay increase achieved was…

A

March 1979….10%

41
Q

Battle of Orgreave

A

Violent clashes between striking miners and police
South Yorkshire
June 1984

42
Q

Other group that failed in their industrial action against govt 1980s

A

Print workers

-> effectively sealed the success of Thatcher’s industrial policies

43
Q

% of ppl supported govt during miners’ strike

A

65%

44
Q

Coal industry employment

A

200K 1979

60K 1990

45
Q

TU membership Thatcher

A

Fell to 2/3 of 1979 by 1990

46
Q

Services industry 1951-64

A

By 1960 employed 5m

47
Q

Sunningdale collapsed

A

May 1974

48
Q

Initial strike WOD

A

9-week strike by Ford lorry drivers

Achieved 15% pay rise

49
Q

Skinheads

A

End of 70s were being linked to National Front

50
Q

Thatcher - Lawson

A

Alan Waters was Thatcher’s special economic adviser -> resignation of chancellor Nigel Lawson 1989

51
Q

Thatchers shift away from direct taxation

A

By 1988 the top rate of income tax fell from 83% to 40%

52
Q

Decimalisation

A

1971 - brought them in line w/ European currency

53
Q

Downside to BOP surplus under Jenkins 1969

A

Had to make massive public spending cuts

54
Q

Lab loss 1970

A

Economy
Industrial relations
Foreign policy failures e.g. Rhodesia

// Tory strength
Heath - ‘selsdon man’ hands off approach, WC, didn’t emerge 
ROB 1968 associated w/ Toris - supposedly got Tories 2.5m votes; made it look like they’d be tough on imm // Heath sacked him from shadow cabinet // made Heath look principled
55
Q

NICC

A

Northern Irish Constitutional Convention 1975 (//lasts less than a yr)

56
Q

Thatcher controlling inflation ->

A

Higher interests rates - raised to 17% in 1979 -> made it more expensive for businesses to borrow -> impeded business

57
Q

Sources on us&Europe 1970s. If the political purpose is to reunite the Labour Party….

A

It’s not gonna acc solely focus on Britain & EEC -> not accurate representation

58
Q

Significance of swift victory in Falklands War

A

Military success in itself

Led to huge change in the viewpoint of British public towards Thatcher

59
Q

World power by 1964?

A 
No - dependence on US, place in Europe/rejection from EEC 
// decolonisation mainly successful
60
Q

Govt blame for miners strike 1984/5

A

Tried to limit union action - Employment Acts 1980&2 which e.g forbade mass picketing

Govt didn’t stick to ‘The Plan for Coal’ agreement which proposed miners would know of plans to close down pits for at least 9 months - instead, announced the sudden closure of 20 pits in 1984 -> 20K jobs lost

‘The enemy within’

She stockpiled coal 1979-85

// Just implementing her policy economic alignment; she though coal pits were no longer economically worthwhile ; for some time Britain had been importing coal…by the 70s, pits were running at a loss

61
Q

If source is from PM…

A

Gives us an insight into the highest level of decision making

62
Q

With monetarism & decreased direct taxation …

A

Came increased indirect taxation - VAT increased from 7% to 15% in 1979 , which arguably hit poorer ppl harder

63
Q

Rejected Europe early

A

Didn’t enter Europe with the Treaty of Rome in 1957

64
Q

Thatcher splits - Europe

A

She moved Howe to the lower position of the Leader of HOC in July 1989 after he (&Lawson) threatened to resign over her opp to the ERM -> resigned

65
Q

Thatcher’s defeat of the miners…

A

Encouraged other employers to resist union demands - triumph in the govts anti-union campaign & strengthened her resolve to overcome other forces in Britain (like local govts)

66
Q

Kinnock background

A

Leftist that knew Labour had to become less left

67
Q

Longest suicide note in history

A

Cos dominated by LW promises e.g. UND (during height of CW)& withdrawal from EEC & abolition of fox hunting

  • > narrow appeal & audience
  • > shows divided nature of party at time cos from someone within Labour itself
68
Q

Militant tendency

A

A very-leftist faction of the party which promoted outright socialism
(Extremism & disunity)

69
Q

Although MT expelled…

A

Labour still perceived as dominated by the left & TUs

70
Q

If at a party conference

A

….could suggest he’s faking his apparent confidence in the future of the Party - in order to boost morale?

71
Q

If from the opp party

A

Can hold nothing back in displaying the weaknesses of the other party

72
Q

Thatchers view of the Labour Party is clouded by her aim to win votes

A

Yeh

73
Q

SDP firmed 1981 cos

A

Felt they were driven out of Labour by extremists -> left instead of internally taking on the ‘Bevanite Left’

74
Q

SDP problem

A

The ‘Two Davids’ of the SDP-Liberal Alliance clashed over which way to take the party

75
Q

Maastricht

A

Maastricht would lead to close political union with EU
Maastricht rarified June 1993
Rebel MPs blocked Major’s attempts to get Parliament to ratify it
Took 18 months to be ratified by parliament
To get it passed, Major threatened a vote of no confidence (which if he had lost would have led to a general election which the Tories according to the polls, were bound to lose)

76
Q

After the collapse of communism…

A

Thatcher was enthusiastically in favour of expanding the EEC to inflict the new states of E.Europe in order to ensure Comm was truly defeated (//also in order to weaken the power of the European Commission in Brussels -> she favoured a less connected Europe?)

77
Q

Survey race relations 60s

A

1965 - London - showed 1 in 2 ppl objected to living next door to a black person

78
Q

Police 70s

A

‘Institutionally racist’ - 1976 just 70 Met policía officers were from an ethnic minority out of 22,000

  • > limited job oops for ethnic minorities
  • > discrimination continued
  • > even British authorities didn’t not promote racial equality
79
Q

Youth subculture 60s

A

Skinheads emerged - characterised by their shaven heads, braces, Dr Marten boots

80
Q

The Sex Pistols (punk)

A

Played fast loud guitar music

Even said the F word on TV 1976

81
Q

Youth were given more opp & independence (60s&70s esp) but…

A

Often not embraced -> their subculture didn’t change that much?

82
Q

Youth 70s not liberal

A

Survey 1971 - showed sexual conservatism among young people - 66% of women being virgins at marriage

83
Q

Britain not WP - factor for EEC app cos

A

To increase allies
To increase importance
To increase involvement in affairs
->to improve its global status

84
Q

How did economy lead to EEC App 1971

A

Stagflation after Barber Boom

85
Q

Withdrawal east of Suez

A

1968

86
Q

Key personalities EEC app

A

1967 - Wilson preferred Atlantic Alliance but openly stressed the strengths (esp economic) of joining EEC -> Oct 1966 his cabinet agreed to back a new app

Heath*. Passionately pro-European & wanted to ensure Britain entered during his premiership. His 1st speech in Parliament was about the Schuman Plan (forerunner to EEC). Had been chief negotiator for Mac during 1st app.

87
Q

Devaluation was after 1966 app but …

A

Showed economy wasn’t strong -> would’ve wanted Europe to gain access to its markets

88
Q

Europhiles 60s vs Eurosceptics

A

Roy Jenkins
George Brown

// Gaitskell 
Many of Labour Left e.g. Foot & Castle - saw EEC as a capitalist club
89
Q

Anti-Vietnam Protest

A

Battle of Grosvenor Square 1968 - > 200 ppl arrested

// final demo October - relatively peaceful

Healey, Labour Defence Secretary, almost had his car overturned by Cambridge students

90
Q

Burgess & Maclean Affair

A

1951 - officers in British intelligence who defected to SU
-> US became less prepared to share intelligence secrets with Britain // 1958 MDA - US once again agreed to share nuclear tech a Britain -> increased their comm & corrected the wrongs of B&M

91
Q

Oxford uni & Thatcher

A

Oxford Uni voted against giving Thatcher an honorary degree (which it had given to every other Oxford-educated post-War PM) - due to public spending cuts to higher education

92
Q

Clinton intervenes in NI

A

1995

93
Q

2007 NI

A

NI Executive established

94
Q

St Andrews Agreement

A

2006

95
Q

Death of Neave & Mountbatten

A

-> ‘zero tolerance’ by Thatcher govt

Britain (4 decks)

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