Chapter 14 Drugs To Know

Question 1

4% topical cocaine

Answer 1

decongestant; if not for the controlled status of this drug it would be our best decongestant, with the added benefit of great local anesthesia - it is still used in some ENT practices

Question 2

phenylephrine (Neo-Synephrine)

Answer 2

decongestant

Question 3

oxymetazoline (Afrin Nasal Spray)

Answer 3

decongestant

Question 4

pseudoephedrine (Sudafed)

Answer 4

decongestant; there are many different oral preparations of this drug, but they are kept behind the counter because it was so widely abused under the street name “herbal ecstasy”

Question 5

ephedrine

Answer 5

decongestant; has been dropped from most products, occasionally you can find ephedrine but it is sold behind the counter

Question 6

phenylephrine (Contact, etc)

Answer 6

decongestant; it is widely available but at best only marginally helpful

Question 7

diphenhydramine (Benadryl)

Answer 7

1st generation antihistamine

Question 8

brompheniramine (Dimetane)

Answer 8

1st generation antihistamine

Question 9

chlorpheniramine (Chlor-Trimeton)

Answer 9

1st generation antihistamine

Question 10

promethazine (Phenergan)

Answer 10

1st generation antihistamine

Question 11

loratadine (Claritin)

Answer 11

2nd generation antihistamine

Question 12

fexofenadine (Allegra)

Answer 12

3rd generation antihistamine

Question 13

cetirizine (Zyrtec)

Answer 13

3rd generation antihistamine

Question 14

beclomethasone (Beconase)

Answer 14

corticosteroid, for intranasal administration; only available by prescription

Question 15

triamcinolone (Nasacort)

Answer 15

corticosteroid, for intranasal administration; only available by prescription

Question 16

fluticasone (Flonase)

Answer 16

corticosteroid, for intranasal administration; only available by prescription

Question 17

mometasone (Nasonex)

Answer 17

corticosteroid, for intranasal administration; only available by prescription

Question 18

1% hydrocortisone

Answer 18

the only OTC corticosteroid available, found in some dermatologic preparations

Question 19

Cerumenex Ear Drops

Answer 19

soften ear wax; misc. ENT drug

Question 20

hydrogen peroxide (H2O2)

Answer 20

misc. ENT drug

Question 21

local anesthetics (LAs)

Answer 21

sodium channel blockers, used to keep nerve transmissions from going down the nerves

Question 22

benzocaine

Answer 22

topical anesthetic for ear, mouth, nose, and throat preparations

Question 23

lidocaine (Xylocaine, 4-10%)

Answer 23

topical anesthetic; notice how concentrated it is when used topically vs. the 1-2% when given by injection for dental procedures

Question 24

saline

Answer 24

meaning salt water as in Ocean Spray, there is no drug effect but it is used to irrigate the sinuses

Question 25

silver nitrate

Answer 25

cautery sticks used for cauterizing nosebleeds and cuts in shaving; misc ENT drug

Question 26

Vicks Vapor Rub

Answer 26

metholated (eucalyptus oil) based petroleum jelly; misc ENT drug

Question 27

Allegra-D

Answer 27

fexofenadine plus the decongestant pseudoephedrine; the “D” stands for decongestant; combination ENT product

Question 28

Claritin-D

Answer 28

loratadine plus the decongestant pseudoephedrine; combination ENT product

Question 29

NyQuil

Answer 29

phenylephrine, doxylamine, dextromethorphan, acetaminophen; combination ENT product

Question 30

Otobiotic Otic

Answer 30

hydrocortisone, polymyxin B; combination ENT product

Question 31

montelukast (Singulair)

Answer 31

developed by Merck; leukotriene receptor blocker

Question 32

safirlukast (Accolate)

Answer 32

developed by Zeneca; leukotriene receptor blocker

Question 33

pranlukast (Ultair)

Answer 33

developed by SmithKline Beecham; leukotriene receptor blocker, approved for use in Europe and Japan but still in late stage trials in this country