6A + 6B checkpoint

Question 1

external (situational) attribution

Answer 1

when we determine the cause of a behaviour as resulting from situational factors occurring outside the individual

Question 2

internal (personal) attribution

Answer 2

when we judge the result of something occurring within (personally) an individual

Question 3

cognitive dissonance

Answer 3

the psychological tension that occurs when our thoughts, feelings, and/or behaviours do not align with one another

Question 4

cognitive biases

Answer 4

unconscious ways to interpret information, that is not rational, in order to reduce cognitive dissonance

Question 5

confirmation bias

Answer 5

accept info that supports our beliefs an ignores contradictory information

Question 6

actor-observer bias

Answer 6

attribute our own actions to external factors, while attributing other people’s actions to internal factors

Question 7

self-serving bias

Answer 7

attribute positive success to our internal character and attribute failures to external factors

Question 8

false consensus bias

Answer 8

overestimate the degree to which people share the same idea as you

Question 9

halo effect

Answer 9

impression we form about one quality of a person (physical attractiveness) will influence our overall belief about a person

Question 10

stereotype

Answer 10

a widely held belief and generalisation about a group. Allows us to make sense of the world, by applying simplified characteristics to all members of a group.

Question 11

tri-component model of attitudes

Answer 11

relationship between the:
affective (feelings)
behaviour (actions)
cognitions (thoughts/facts)

Question 12

attitudes

Answer 12

an evaluation of something, such as a person, object, event, or idea, 3 criteria:
1. must be an evaluation
2. settled and stable
3. learnt through experience

Question 13

fundamental attribution error

Answer 13

tendency to explain other’s behaviour in terms of internal factors and ignoring external factors

Question 14

attribution

Answer 14

an evaluation made about the causes of behaviour
two types:
internal (personal), and external (situational)

Question 15

person perception

Answer 15

mental processes we use to form impressions and draw conclusions about others

Question 16

limitation of the tri component model

Answer 16

sometimes our behaviour doesn’t align with the affective and cognitive portion of our attitudes