6b. Kidney disease Flashcards
(22 cards)
What are the functions of the kidney?
Link between kidneys and calcium metabolism?
Where do we get vitamin D from?
How are kidneys involved with blood pressure?
What is chronic kidney disease?
What does GFR stand for?
What is the normal GFR.
causes of chronic kidney disease?
Effects of chronic kidney disease
What is dialysis?
What are the types of dialysis?
EXTRA
- CAPD
- patients who use are at risk of developing spontaneous bacterial peritonitis = life threatening condition
- hence used less
- used less frequently than haemodilaysis
- usu used for younger patients who are busier in life so they don’t have to regularly attend dialysis units
What does this diagram show
What does this diagram show
- fistula
fistula cannulated + linked up to dialysis machine
Renal transplant
- diff renal surgeons have diff opinions on AB cover so useful to ask physician for advice if AB cover is needed + if so, what one + what dose
Dental aspects of kidney disease
- due to heparin, safest time to treat patient on dialysis = an alternate dialysis day = day in between their dialysis sessions
- because effects of dialysis will be at maximum but the heparin would have worn off
What can you prescribe for a patient with kidney disease?
- lots of drug dosage needs to be lowered
- helpful to check BNF to guide you on how to prescribe these patients
What are the blood tests needed for kidney disease ?
Interpreting UandEs
What are the grades of chronic kidney disease ?
- ESFR = end stage renal failure
What does this show
What does this show
What does this show
- just because patient has had renal transplant doesn’t mean renal function will be back to normal
- should not give these patients NSAIDs or you’ll be damaging the transplanted kidney
What does this show
- shows how kidney function is affected by advancing age
- this is a pretty normal level of renal impairment of a patient of this age, who is otherwise completely healthy
TIP
need to be particularly cautious with patients who:
- are elderly
- have hypertension
- have diabetes
- or any combo of those 3
BECAUSE
* may not give history of renal impairment but those factors increase the risk so we should take it into consideration + assume they have some degree of renal impairment + take that into consideration when prescribing (in particular avoiding NSAIDs and prescribing paracetamol instead)
