6th Grade Science MIDTERM: Chapter 2

Question 1

mechanical or chemical weathering

abrasion

Answer 1

mechanical weathering

Question 2

mechanical or chemical weathering

frost heaving

Answer 2

mechanical weathering

Question 3

mechanical or chemical weathering

acid rain

Answer 3

chemical weathering

Question 4

mechanical or chemical weathering

oxidation

Answer 4

chemical weathering

Question 5

mechanical or chemical weathering

lichens

Answer 5

chemical weathering

Question 6

mechanical or chemical weathering

exfoliation

Answer 6

mechanical weathering

Question 7

mechanical or chemical weathering

pressure release

Answer 7

mechanical weathering

Question 8

mechanical or chemical weathering

carbon acid

Answer 8

chemical weathering

Question 9

the amount of each kind of particle in a soil sample

Answer 9

texture

Question 10

layers of soil

Answer 10

horizons

Question 11

small particles of weathered rocks and minerals

Answer 11

sediment

Question 12

decayed organic material found in soil

Answer 12

humus

Question 13

the largest kind of particle in soil

Answer 13

sand

Question 14

the dropping of sediment and rocks in a new location

Answer 14

deposition

Question 15

the sediment that a stream carries

Answer 15

load

Question 16

a pile of rocks and soil deposited by a glacier

Answer 16

moraine

Question 17

an area of sediment deposited at the mouth of a river

Answer 17

delta

Question 18

the process of rock changing from one type to another is called _____.

Answer 18

the rock cycle

Question 19

the process of breaking down rocks is called ____.

Answer 19

weathering

Question 20

____ changes rocks into new substances.

Answer 20

chemical weathering

Question 21

_____ occurs whenever rocks rub against each other.

Answer 21

abrasion

Question 22

unweathered rock that influences the soil above it called _____.

Answer 22

bedrock

Question 23

_____ contains weathered minerals and some nutrients from the humus

Answer 23

subsoil

Question 24

A fertile soil that has equal parts of sand and silt communes with about half as much clay is called _____

Answer 24

loam

Question 25

the primary force behind erosion is _______

Answer 25

gravity

Question 26

A ______ forms when unmelted snow gets compacted down into ice.

Answer 26

glacier

Question 27

A ____ is an example of erosion that is caused by gravity.

Answer 27

rockslide

Question 28

What is the difference between weathering and erosion?

Answer 28

Weathering is the breaking down of rocks, and erosion is the moving of weathered material from one place to another.

Question 29

What causes depositions to have a layered look?

Answer 29

Sediment settles according to its weight. The heaviest sediment drops first, and the lightest sediments drops last, forming layers.

Question 30

Micah and Joshua like to play by a stream that runs through their grandpa's field. The stream was wide and shallow, but the boys dug out a new path that is much narrower than the old path. How will the new path change the erosion of the stream?

Answer 30

The narrower streamed would cause the water to flow faster. Erosion would be greater as the water load moved faster. Because there would be less sediment deposition, the streamed would probably deepen.

Question 31

The Grant Memorial in Washington, DC consists of bronze statues on white marble bases. Something has caused some of the bronze to dissolve and thus discolor the marble. Describe what may have caused the weathering of the bronze statues.

Answer 31

Acid rain may have caused the weathering. Smoke, exhaust, and pollution in the air combine to form acid rain. The acid in the rain would cause the bronze to dissolve and run down to stain the marble.