6th Grade Science Test 6

Question 1

the hardest known mineral; found in “pipes”

Answer 1

diamond

Question 2

small deposits of igneous and metamorphic crystals

Answer 2

gemstones

Question 3

any hollow space in the earth’s crust that has formed naturally and is large enough for a person to enter

Answer 3

cave

Question 4

any rock containing a metal together with impurities

Answer 4

ore

Question 5

the rarest, most durable and beautiful gems

Answer 5

precious stones

Question 6

the most commonly used practical metal; used for thousands of years to make tools

Answer 6

iron

Question 7

a metal that is a good conductor of electricity; two of its alloys are brass and bronze

Answer 7

copper

Question 8

any trace of a plant or animal left in a rock

Answer 8

fossil

Question 9

the area surrounding a magnet in which the force of the magnet affects other objects

Answer 9

magnetic field

Question 10

the ends of a magnet

Answer 10

poles

Question 11

the magnetic field produced by the earth

Answer 11

magnetosphere

Question 12

the hardest material that composes the earth’s crust

Answer 12

rock

Question 13

when molten rock solidifies, it forms what kind of rock

Answer 13

igneous rock

Question 14

sand and mineral fragments that have been pressed together form what kind of rock

Answer 14

sedimentary rock

Question 15

rock that has been changed by extreme heat or pressure into a new kind of rock

Answer 15

metamorphic rock

Question 16

over 75% of the earth’s surface is covered with what kind of rock

Answer 16

sedimentary rock

Question 17

What type of igneous rock is formed at the earth’s surface, cools rapidly, and has a fine-grained appearance?

Answer 17

extrusive

Question 18

What type of igneous rock remains in a pocket below the surface, cools slowly, and has a coarse-grained appearance?

Answer 18

intrusive

Question 19

What is the most common igneous rock and can be found everywhere on land?

Answer 19

granite

Question 20

Which sedimentary rock is formed by chemical sediments and is used for salting roads and flavoring food?

Answer 20

halite

Question 21

Which sedimentary rock is used to make glass?

Answer 21

sandstone

Question 22

Which sedimentary rock is the only stone formed by living animals?

Answer 22

reef limestone

Question 23

Which metamorphic rock began as shale, is very hard, and has leaflike layers?

Answer 23

slate

Question 24

Which metamorphic rock is perhaps one of the most beautiful and most widely used, and began as limestone?

Answer 24

marble

Question 25

What type of metamorphic rock is made up of layers like the leaves of a book?

Answer 25

foliated

Question 26

Be able to label the cave formations.

Answer 26

``` soda straws cave pearls stalagmites columns stalactites ```

Question 27

a hard, shiny, black coal; expensive to mine

Answer 27

sub-bituminous

Question 28

the most common type of coal, also known as "soft coal"

Answer 28

bituminous

Question 29

the poorest quality of coal, also known as "brown coal"

Answer 29

lignite

Question 30

designed to live in either a cave or above a cave

Answer 30

troglophile

Question 31

the study of caves

Answer 31

speleology

Question 32

formed by the dissolving of underground rocks by water

Answer 32

solution cav

Question 33

caves usually form in

Answer 33

limestone

Question 34

a ___ visits a cave regularly but must return to the surface for food

Answer 34

trogloxene

Question 35

Where does the earth's magnetic field come from? How does it remain "magnetized"?

Answer 35

The earth's magnetic field is produced by current son electricity that circulate in the earth's outer core. Currents that flow through an object produce a magnetic field around the object. The earth remains magnetized because of the increasing electric currents deep within its core.

Question 36

Explain how a solution cave is formed. Is this process an example of physical or chemical weathering? Why?

Answer 36

Rainwater picks up molecules of carbon dioxide as it passes through the air and the soil. Carbon dioxide dissolved in water forms a mild acid. Limestone absorbs the water and is dissolved. The water drains from the area leaving a cavity in the rock. This is an example of chemical weathering because the rock was broken down by acid.