#7 חומצות גרעין

Question 1

what is a nucleotide

Answer 1

the building blocks of dna

Question 2

what are the three groups in a nucelotide

Answer 2

בסיס חנקן+ סוכר+פוספט

Question 3

what is the role of the בסיס

Answer 3

carries the genetic information

Question 4

הסוכר שייך למשפחת ה

Answer 4

פנטוזות

Question 5

סוכר is made of what

Answer 5

one sugar with 5 פחמן

Question 6

deoxy means what

Answer 6

that the sugar is missing one atom of oxygen

Question 7

בסיס חנקני is made of what

Answer 7

מולקולות אורגניות טבעתית המחיל אטום חנקן (N)

Question 8

פירימידינים

Answer 8

C T one ring of חנקן

Question 9

פורינים

Answer 9

G A 2 טבעות חנקניות

Question 10

what makes the difference of the nucleotide

Answer 10

the בסיס חנקני

Question 11

how are the חנקן סוכר ופוספט connected?

Answer 11

קשר גליקוזידי - בסיס לפחמו 1 בסוכר
קשר פוספואסטרי בין פחמן 5 של הסוכר לקבוצת הפוספט

Question 12

הקשרים בין הנוקלאוטידים

Answer 12

which are קשר פוספודיאסטרי
קשרים וולנטים between סוכר ופוספט

Question 13

what connection numbers are the sugar and phosphate connected to

Answer 13

phosphate is connected to the 5 of the carbon on the sugar
on one side and on the other
phostphate connects to the 3 carbon on the sugar

one phosphate is connected to 5 and 3 to hold together the strand

Question 14

what קשרים are between at cg

Answer 14

קשרי מימן

Question 15

is dna the same in all living beings?

Answer 15

yes

Question 16

what is נוקלאוזום

Answer 16

the packaging of DNA over histones to make is smaller

Question 17

what do חלבוני פיגום do?

Answer 17

מסייעים אף הם
באריזת ה-DNA למבנה מכווץ יותר

Question 18

what is genome

Answer 18

all the nucleotides in the dna are called a genome

Question 19

gene

Answer 19

a part of the dna which is designated for a specific protein

Question 20

what is downs syndrome

Answer 20

an extra chromosome on number 21 and the body makes 50% more proteins than necessary

Question 21

what type of sugar is in rna

Answer 21

פנטוז מסוג ריבוז.

Question 22

what is the difference between rna and dna

Answer 22

the dna has t and the rna has u
and rna is one strand and dna is two strands

Question 23

difference in jobs of dna and rna

Answer 23

dna- genetic information
rna- helps make protiens and disolves after use and is not carried down to the next generation

Question 24

what is the diffence in the place of the dna and rna

Answer 24

dna is only in the nuleus and rna goes to the cytoplasm

Question 25

in dna when it copies to 2 daughter cells- true or false that the new dna daughter is one old and one new strand?

Answer 25

true

Question 26

what is the job of helicase

Answer 26

seperates the DNA to its 2 stands

Question 27

what is the job of the enzyme primase?

Answer 27

makes a primer of rna which is the beginging of the coping of the dna

Question 28

what is the job of the enzyme polimerase 3?

Answer 28

on one side copies the DNA starting from the primer starts at 3 of dna so it always goes 5 to 3 on other side- makes primers on the side of the dna that is 5 to 3 can only go 5 to 3

Question 29

what is the job of DNA polymerase 1?

Answer 29

switch the to dna on the side of 5 to 3 on the dna which is 3 to 5 on the rna

Question 30

what is the job of ליגאז

Answer 30

connects all of the peices together on the new stand of dna

Question 31

מיטוזה

Answer 31

חלוקת גרעין התא

Question 32

what are the 3 parts in interface?

Answer 32

g1- the cell gets bigger and gets ready to copy s- dna is replicated g2- the cell gets ready for mitosis

Question 33

centrosome

Answer 33

מרכז מארגן ממנו יוצאים סיבים חלבוניים, עליהם ינועו הכרומוזומים

Question 34

ציטוקינזיס

Answer 34

חלוקת הציטופלזמה של התא the end of the devision of the cell

Question 35

where are the check points of the dna cell division

Answer 35

g1 g2 m

Question 36

מוטציה נקודתית

Answer 36

החלפה של נוקלאוטיד אחד באחר.

Question 37

מוטציית החדרה

Answer 37

תוספת של נוקלאוטיד אחד או יותר

Question 38

מוטציית החסרה

Answer 38

החסרה של נוקלאוטיד אחד או יותר