7 Data Privacy, Internet Politics and Ethics

Question 1

7. 2 Data privacy
8. 2.1 Privacy vs. Security

Answer 1

Privacy: What information goes where?

Security: Protection against unauthorized access

Question 2

7.2.3 Privacy-sensitive Information

What is privacy-sensitive information?

Answer 2

Identity
name, address, SSN

Location

Activity
web history, contact history, online purchases

**Health records **

Question 3

7.2.4 Privacy in the Web 2.0 Era

What types of data exist in in the Web 2.0 Era?

Answer 3

Service data: Data you give to a social networking site in order to use it (e.g. your legal name, age)

Disclosed (offengelegt) data: Data you post on your own pages: blog entries, photographs, and so on

Entrusted (anvertraut) data: Data you post on other people’s pages that you lose control over once you post it

Incidental (indirekt) data: Data people post about you (e.g. a paragraph about you)

Behavioral data: Data the site collects about your habits via behavior on the service

Derived data: Data about you that is derived from all the other data

Question 4

7. 3 Internet politics
8. 3.2 Legal Foundations (gesetzliche Grundlagen)

Answer 4

European Directive on Data Protection:
o Requires companies to inform people when they collect information about them and disclose how it will be stored and used.
o Requires informed consent of customer

U.S. businesses use safe harbor framework

o Self-regulating policy to meet objectives of government legislation without involving

government regulation or enforcement.

Question 5

7.3.2.1 Legal Foundations in Germany

Answer 5

EC Data Protection Directive
o For entities collecting data
o For individuals (know your rights!)
o Different organizations for protection

Federal Data Protection Law (Bundesdatenschutzgesetz, BDSG)

Country specific Data Protection Laws

Area specific regulations:
o Code of Social Law
o TelecommunicationsAct o TelemediaAct

Question 6

7. 4 Ethics
8. 4.1 What is Ethics?

Answer 6

• Ethics reflects our basic values, priorities and ideals.
• A code or collection of principles to distinguish between the right and the wrong; to be applied to any judgement, action or behaviour.

Question 7

7.4.2 Basic concepts for ethical analysis

Question 8

7.4.3 Six Candidate Ethical Principles

Answer 8

1. Golden Rule

• Do unto others as you would have them do unto you

2. Immanuel Kant’s Categorical Imperative

• If an action is not right for everyone to take, it is not right for anyone

3. Descartes’ Rule of Change

• If an action cannot be taken repeatedly, it is not right to take at all

4. Utilitarian Principle

• Take the action that achieves the higher or greater value

5. Risk Aversion Principle

• Take the action that produces the least harm or least potential cost

6. Ethical “no free lunch” Rule

• Assume that virtually all tangible and intangible objects are owned by someone unless there is a specific declaration otherwise