7- How pathogens evade the immune response

Question 1

What are virokines and viroceptors

Answer 1

Proteins that are made by bacteria that mimic cell receptors/ cytokines - act as a decoy

Question 2

What do bacterial capsules do?

Answer 2

Cover proteins on bacteria - less likely to be recognised for phagocytosis

Question 3

What is viral latency

Answer 3

Virus stays latent in body and surface antigens change in order to not be recognized

Shut of replication - evade detection

Question 4

Name a bacterial mechanism of evading the immune response.

Answer 4

Virokines
Bacterial capsule
Viral latency
Infecting immune-privileged tissues

Question 5

Name a mechanism that pathogens use to attack the immune system

Answer 5

Infect and kill immune cells
Down regulate/inhibit immune effector molecules (cytokines)
Inhibit/up-regulate cell signalling pathways

Question 6

Name the 2 ways that bacteria evade the immune system through antigenic variation

Answer 6

antigenic drift
reassortment- antigenic shift