7) Humanistic Approach

Question 1

What does the humanistic approach believe

Answer 1

Humans are affected by both external and internal influences but are self-determining

Question 2

What is Maslow’s hierarch of needs

Answer 2

Psychological needs - safety and security - love and belongingness - self esteem and self actualisation

Question 3

What is self actualisation

Answer 3

The innate tendency to achieve full potential and become the best we possibly can

Question 4

What is the aim of therapy

Answer 4

Establish congruence, ensure the gap between concept of self and ideal self isn’t too wide otherwise will be in a state of incongruence where self actualisation is not possible

Question 5

What can affect personal growth from childhood

Answer 5

Parents imposing conditions on love, lack of unconditional positive regard

Question 6

Who proposed what an effective therapist should do

Answer 6

Rogers

Question 7

What elements did Rogers client-centered therapy include

Answer 7

• Genuineness
• Empathy
• Unconditional positive regard

Question 8

What is the aim or Rogers client centred therapy

Answer 8

To increase clients self worth and reduce incongruence

Question 9

EV - Strength, anti-reductionist

Answer 9

• Humanistic psychologists reject any attempt to break up behaviour and experience into smaller components
• Advocate holism, can only understand experience by considering the whole person
• More validity, more meaningful within human context

Question 10

EV - Strength, positive approach

Answer 10

• Sees people in control of their lives and having the freedom to change it
• Freud saw people as prisoners of their past
• HA applies a refreshing optimising approach instead

Question 11

EV - Limitation, guilty of a cultural bias

Answer 11

• Many humanistic ideas would be more associated with individualist cultures
• Collectivists such as India may not identify so easily with values of humanistic biology
• Approach may not apply universally