7. infectious diseases

Question 1

Above diaphragm/respiratory anaerobic infection, antibiotic?

Answer 1

Clindamycin

Question 2

Below diaphragm/GI anaerobic infection, antibiotic?

Answer 2

metronidazole (carbapenems, cofoxitin, cefotetan)

Question 3

chlamydia, ricketsial, early lyme disease(rash, joint or facial palsy)

Answer 3

doxycycline

Question 4

pneumocystic pneumonia, uncomplicated cystitis

Answer 4

TMP/SMZ

Question 5

tetracyclines(other than doxy) and griseofulvvin??

Answer 5

not used anymore

Question 6

Staph aureus infections?

Answer 6

osteomylitis, regular EndoCarditis, skin inf., septic arthritis,

Question 7

where epidermis inf. seen?

Answer 7

its on skin, and when skin integrity broken. cathether in dialysis, prosthetic valve or joint, csf in neurosurgery

Question 8

strep

Answer 8

strep pneumoniea in lungs

strep viridan in heart

Question 9

68 female e fever, blood culture shows streptococcus viridan, what to do?

Answer 9

echocardiogram, because it causes endocarditis.

Question 10

staph/strep inf. best initial antibiotics?

Answer 10

oxicillin, cloxillin, dicloxillin, naficilin

Question 11

pt develops rash with penicillin?

Answer 11

1st gen. cephalosporins (cefazolin, cefalexin, cefadroxil), the cross reactivity is <10%

Question 12

pt. develops anaphylaxis with penicillin? then

Answer 12

do not use other beta lactam antibiotics too.
cephalosporins, <10% cross reactivity
carbapenems (<1%)
monobactams (aztreonam) 0% but its only for gram -ve rods

Question 13

pt develops anaphylaxis with penicillin, which antibiotic next?

Answer 13

mild infection= macrolide (erythromycin, azithromycin, clarithromycin)
Clindamycin (like macrolides in coverage but does not cover legionella and mycoplasma but cover anaerobes)

Question 14

MRSA antibiotic?

Answer 14

vancomycin, linezolid, daptomycin,

tigercycline(covers gram -ve, anaerobes too)

Question 15

gram negative organisms?

Answer 15

e.coli, klebsiella, pseudomonas, citrobactor, enterobactor, serratia

Question 16

when its gram -ve rods commonly?

Answer 16

pyeonephritis, ascending colangitis, cholecystitis, peritonitis

Question 17

Agents used for gram -ve rods?

Answer 17

Aminoglycosides, carbapenems, aztreonams, flouroquinolones (all of these 4 groups cover 80 to 90% gram -ve rods)
third and 4th generation cephalosporins can be used too

Question 18

antipseudomonal agents?

Answer 18

piperacillin, tigercilin, azlocilin, mezlocillin

Question 19

ampicillin covers? (amino-penicillin)

Answer 19

streptococci, anaerobes, gram negatives

but not staphylococci, so sulbactam is added then it covers staphylococci and gram -ve coverage expanded

Question 20

amoxicilin covers? (amino-oxy-penicilline)

Answer 20

streptococci, anaerobes, gram negatives
but not staphylococci, so clavulinic acid (augmentin) is added then it covers staphylococci and gram -ve coverage expanded

Question 21

Piperacillin covers?

Answer 21

streptococci, anaerobes, gram negatives

but not staphylococci, so tazobactam is added then it covers staphylococci and gram -ve coverage expanded

Question 22

influenza drugs?

Answer 22

OseltammIvir

ZanamIvir

Question 23

HIV, AIDS,

Medicine?

Answer 23

RitonAvir
IndinAvir
SaquinAvir
NalfinAvir
AmprenAvir
AtazanAvir
(protease inhibitors)

Question 24

HSV 1,2

VZV drugs?

Answer 24

AcyclOvir
ValOvir
FamOvir