7. The Endoembrane System

Question 1

name 5 structures within the endomembrane system

en

g

l

v

r

Answer 1

endoplasmic reticulum (ER)

golgi apparatus

lyosomes

vacuoles

ribosomes

Question 2

describe what the endoplasmic retuculm is, what type of cell its found in, what type of synthesis its involved in

Answer 2

the ER is a network of membrane bound tubules and sacs

its an organelle found in eukaryotic cells

involved in protein and lipid synthesis

Question 3

what are the two types of endoplasmic reticulums? what is the difference in them with function?

think whats sitting on the two ER’s, what process they are involved in because of it

Answer 3

theres the rough ER and smooth ER. the rough ER has ribosomes sitting on it, its responisble for translation. Smooth ER lack ribosomes and are used for calcium storage and lipid synthesis

Question 4

what is the golgi apparatus and what is the function of it?

Answer 4

they are flattened membranous sacs. responsible for transoporting, modify and packing proteins and lipids for delievery.

think of the golgi apparatus as the warehouse

Question 5

what is a lyosome and what does it do in the endomembrane system? name two.

think enzyemes

Answer 5

that are sacs of hydrolytic enzymes. it breaks down ingested substances, recycles damaged organelles

Question 6

what do vacuoles do (think like a vaccum cleaner) and name 5 functions of it

Answer 6

vacuoles are like storage bubbles in cells.

they are,

used for digestion,

storage,

waste and disposal

water balance

cell growth

protecion

Question 7

what is the function of a ribosome (think of the process they sythesise) and where are they located?

Answer 7

ribosomes bind mRNA and tRNA to make polypeptides (protein polymers) during translation. they are located in the cytoplasm

Question 8

The Golgi apparatus is a major collection and dispatch station of protein products received from the endoplasmic reticulum. Proteins are synthesized in the ER then packaged into vesicles, which travel to the Golgi apparatus. what are the three types of vesicles that are secreted from the Golgi apparatus into the cell?

think ex, se, ly

Answer 8

1. exosytis vesicles: move to the plasma membrane and leave the cell
   2: secretory vesicles: stored and released later
   3: lysomal vesicles: stay in cell and have lysome functions