Equipment, devices, imaging

Question 1

A _ _ (_ _) is a plastic tube inserted through a nostril that extends into the stomach. Commonly used for - _, _ administration or to remove _ from the _.

Answer 1

A NASOGASTRIC TUBE (NG TUBE) is a plastic tube

Commonly used for SHORT-TERM FEEDING, MEDICATION administration and to remove GAS FROM THE STOMACH

Question 2

A _ _ is a tube inserted through a small incision in the abdomen to the stomach. Can be used for long term feeding in the presence of difficultY with _ or to avoid the risk of _

Answer 2

A GASTRIC TUBE (G TUBE) is a tube . . .

Can be used for long term feeding in the presence of difficulty with SWALLOWING or to avoid the risk of ASPIRATION

Question 3

A _ _ (_ _ ) is inserted through endoscopy in to the jejunum via the abdominal wall. The tube can be sued for _ _ _ for patient that are unable to?

Answer 3

A JEJUNOSTOMY TUBE (J TUBE) is inserted . . .

The tube can be used for LONG TERM FEEDING for patients that are unable to RECEIVE FOOD BY MOUTH

Question 4

An _ _ is a monitoring device consisting of a catheter that is inserted into an artery and attached to an electronic monitoring system. Used to measure? Considered to be more _ than traditional methods of monitoring.

Answer 4

AN ARTERIAL LINE is a monitoring device . . .

Used to measure BP AND TO OBTAIN BLOOD SAMPLES

Considered to be MORE ACCURATE than traditional methods of monitoring BP

Question 5

A _ _ _ _ is used for measuring the right atrium or the superior vena cava by means of an in dwelling venous catheter and a pressure manometer. Used to evaluate?

Answer 5

A CENTRAL VENOUS PRESSURE CATHETER is used for . . .

Used to evaluate RIGHT VENTRICULAR FUNCTION, RIGHT ATRIAL FILLING PRESSURE AND CIRCULATING BLOOD VOLUME

Question 6

_ _ _ _ or _ _, is inserted through the cephalic or internal jugular vein no threaded into the superior vena cava and right atrium. Used for long term administration of substances such as _ agents, _ _, and antibiotics into venous system

Answer 6

INDWELLING RIGHT ATRIAL CATHETER OR HICKMAN CATHETER is inserted . . .

Used for long term administration of substances such as CHEMOTHERAPEUTIC agents, PARENTERAL NUTRITION, AND ANTIBIOTICS into . . .

Question 7

_ _ _ or - _ is a soft flexible catheter that is inserted through a vein into the pulmonary artery. The device is used to provide continuous measurement of _ _ _.

Answer 7

PULMONARY ARTERY CATHETER or SWAN-GANZ CATHETER is a soft . . .

The device is used to provide continuous measurement of PULMONARY ARTERY PRESSURE

Question 8

_ _ traction requires pins, screws and wires to be surgically inserted into bone for the purpose of applying a traction force using an externally applied eight. Most often used with _ _ fractures.

Answer 8

BALANCED SUSPENSION TRACTION requires . . . .

Most often used with COMMINUTED FEMUR fractures

Question 9

A _ _ is an in-dwelling urinary catheter that is surgically inserted directly into the patients bladder.

Answer 9

A SUPRAPUBIC CATHETER is an . . .

Question 10

_ is an invasive procedure that uses X-Ray imaging and an injected contrast dye to visualize blood vessels. This test can be used to indentify _, _, _ malformations, _ or _.

Answer 10

ARTERIOGRAPHY is an invasive . . .

This test can be used to identify ARTERIOSCLEROSIS, ANEURYSM, VASCULAR malformations, TUMOR OR BLOCKAGES

Question 11

_ is an invasive procedure that uses X-Ray imaging and injected contrast dye to visualize joint structures. Is useful in identifying pathology of _ _. Commonly used at _, _, _, _, _ and _ joints. Can also be used with?

Answer 11

ARTHROGRAPHY

Is useful in identifying pathology of JOINT STRUCTRES

Commonly used at HIP, KNEE, ANKLE, SHOULDER, ELBOW AND WRIST joints

Can also be used with fluoroscopy, MRI and CT imaging instead of X-Ray

Question 12

A _ _ is an invasive procedures used specifically to provide detailed information on bony structures such as stress fractures, infection, bone cancer or metastasis.

Answer 12

A BONE SCAN

Question 13

Bone scan involves injection of _ into the body. The body is then scanned with a _ _ to see which bones have _ _ the _ material. Bone scans can identify bone disease, or stress fractures with as little as -% bone loss.

Answer 13

Involves injection of RADIONUCLIDE into the body

Body is then scanned with a GAMMA CAMERA to see which bones have TAKEN UP the RADIOACTIVE material.

Bone scans can ID bone disease or stress fractures with as little as 4-7% bone loss

Question 14

Disadvantages of bone scan include: requires - _ waiting period between injection and imaging, patient must _ _ for long periods of time and it is not recommended for patient who are _.

Answer 14

Requires 2-3 HOUR waiting period between injection and imaging, patient must LIE STILL for long periods of time and it is not recommended for patients who are PREGNANT

Question 15

_ _ is a non-invasive imaging procedure in which X-Ray images are taken from multiple angles using a large circular scanner. Some types use? Most commonly used to diagnose _ _ and in diagnostic studies of the _.

Answer 15

COMPUTED TOMOGRAPHY is an non-invasive . . .

Some types use contrast medium to improve image quality

Most commonly used to diagnose SPINAL LESIONS and in diagnostic studies of the BRAIN

Question 16

_ (_) is a non-invasive procedure used to record the electrical activity of the brain. Impulses are recorded and displayed as _ _ on a monitor.

Answer 16

ELECTROENCEPHALOGRAPHY (EEG) is a non-invasive . . .

Impulses are recorded and displayed as CHARACTERISTIC WAVEFORMS on a monitor.

Question 17

EEG can help with diagnoses of _ disorders such as _ or _ based on abnormality of waveform. _ _ _ are a form of EEG in which brain activity is measured in response to various stimuli.

Answer 17

Can help with diagnoses of BRAIN disorders such as NARCOLEPSY OR EPILEPSY based on . . .

EVOKED POTENTIAL STUDIES are a form of EEG . . .

Question 18

_ (_) is the recording of the electrical activity of a selected muscle or muscle groups at rest and during voluntary contraction.

Answer 18

ELECTROMYOGRAPHY (EMG) is the recording . .

Question 19

_ is designed to show motion within the body with use of X-Ray imaging and injection of contrast dye. Instead of a single X-Ray image being taken, the X-Ray beam is passed through the the body _ to allow for the visualization of _. Can show motion within _ or movement of the ingested dye within the _ _.

Answer 19

FLUOROSCOPY is designed to . . .

Instead of single X-Ray the X-ray beam is passed through the body CONTINUOUSLY to allow for visualization of MOVEMENT

Can show motion within JOINT or movement of the ingested dye within the DIGESTIVE TRACT

Question 20

Fluoroscopy may also be used during the insertion of _ _ such as _.

Answer 20

Insertion of MEDICAL DEVICES such as PACEMAKER

Question 21

Lumbar puncture can be used to diagnose conditions such as _, _ and - syndrome, as well measuring the _ of the CSF.

Answer 21

Conditions such as: ENCEPHALITIS, MENIGITIS, GUILLAIN-BARRE SYNDROME, as well as measuring the PRESSURE of the CSF

Question 22

_ is an invasive procedure that combines X-Ray/ fluoroscopy or CT with use of a contrast the to evaluate spinal structures, specifically the spinal cord, nerve roots and meninges.

Answer 22

MYELOGRAPHY

Question 23

With Myelography the contrast dye is injected into? Used to identify bone _, spinal _, _ _, spinal cord _, / of the meninges or _.

Answer 23

Contrast dye is injected directly into the epidural space by lumbar puncture

Used to identify bone DISPLACEMENT, spinal STENOSIS, DISK HERNIATION, spinal cord COMPRESSION, INFLAMMATION/ INFECTION of the meninges or TUMORS

Question 24

A _ _ _ _ (_) is a procedure used to determine the extent of nerve damage by measuring the speed of an electrical impulse through the nerve. Often used in conjunction with? Why?

Answer 24

A NERVE CONDUCTION VELOCITY TEST (NCV) is a procedure used to . . .

Often used in conjunction with ELECTROMYOGRAPHY
- by performing both tests it allows the health care practitioner to determine if the condition is related to nerve pathology or muscle pathology

Question 25

NCV is helpful with diagnoses of conditions such as - syndrome, _ _ syndrome, and _ _.

Answer 25

Helpful with diagnoses of conditions such as GUILLAIN-BARRE syndrome, CARPAL TUNNEL syndrome, and PERIPHERAL NEUROPATHY

Question 26

_ is an invasive procedure that uses X-Ray imaging and an injected contrast dye to visualize the venous system. Most often used for? Helpful for diagnosing _ _ _, _, _ dsyfunction, or other pathology of the _ _.

Answer 26

VENOGRAPHY is an invasive . . .

Most often used for VISUALIZING THE VEINS IN THE LEG, but can also be used for UPPER EXTREMITIES OR SUPERIOR VENA CAVA

Helpful for diagnosing DEEP VEIN THROMBOSIS, TUMORS, VALVE dysfunction, or other pathology of the VENOUS SYSTEM