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SE Flashcards

1
Q

Neuro/epilepsy drugs which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis

A

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Antipsychotics

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2
Q

Immunosuppressant drugs which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis

A

Azathioprine
Methotrexate
Interferon-alpha

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3
Q

Other drugs (not neuro/rheum) which cause myelosuppression/agranulocytosis

A

Carbimazole
Thiazides
Ganciclovir
Chloramphenicol

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4
Q

Drugs which cause tardive dyskinesia?

A

Levodopa
Antipsychotics
Phenytoin

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5
Q

Fusidic acid

A

Cholestatic (can cause jaundice)

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6
Q

Ca channel blockers

A

Flushing,

Bradycardia (verapamil and diltiazem),

Ankle swelling (dihydropiridines)

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7
Q

PPAR gamma receptor antagonists (thiazolidinediones) eg. pioglitazone

A
  • Weight gain
  • Liver impairment: monitor LFTs
  • Fluid retention - therefore contraindicated in heart failure.
  • Increased risk of: fractures, bladder cancer
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8
Q

Phenytoin

A

everything….

Acute:
• Headaches
• Confusion, heading to seizures

Chronic (dose dependent):
•	Facial coarsening
•	Gum hyperplasia
•	PDGF induction
•	Alters folate (megaloblastic anaemia) and vit D metabolism (osteomalacia)
•	Dyskinesia
•	Lymphadenopathy

Idiopathic:
• Dupuytren’s contracture
• Hepatitis

Teratogenic:
• Cleft palate
• Congenital heart defect

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9
Q

Drugs which cause jaundice?

A

Pre-hepatic:
• Causes of haemolysis - chemo or malaria drugs)
• Impaired uptake of bilirubin - inhibited by rifampicin and radio-contrast agents

Hepatic:
•	Paracetamol (hepatitis)
•	TB drugs except for ethambutol (ison, rifamp, pyramidazine)
•	Halothane
•	Statins
•	MAOIs
•	Valproate
Post-hepatic:
•	Chlorpromazine & prochlorperazine
•	Lots of antibiotics: fluclox, co-amoxiclav, fusidic acid
•	Sulphonylureas
•	Steroids
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10
Q

Quinolone (eg. moxi/levo/o - flaxacin/fluroquinolone)

A

Decreased seizure threshold

Tendon damage - mainly in animal studies, limited evidence

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11
Q

Sulphonylureas

A

Can cause hypos (whereas metformin doesn’t)

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12
Q

B-blockers + diabetes

A

Reduced awareness of hypos

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13
Q

SEs of ergot-derived dopamine agonists (bromocriptine and cabergoline)?

A

Cardiopulmonary retroperitoneal fibrosis

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14
Q

Bisphosphonates

A
  • Oesophagitis (upto 25%)
  • Oesteonecrosis of the jaw
  • Increased risk of atypical stress fractures of the proximal femoral shaft in pts taking alendronate
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15
Q

Phenytoin
Carbamazepine
Amantadine
Nicorandil

A

Dizziness

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16
Q

Cyclophosphamide

A

Haemorrhagic cystitis

17
Q

Bleomycin

A

Pulmonary fibrosis

18
Q

Doxorubicin

A

Cardiotoxic

19
Q

Cisplatin

Carboplatin

A

Nephrotoxic

Acoustic nerve damage

20
Q

IV bolus furosemide

A

Ototoxicity

21
Q

Vincristine

A

Peripheral neuropathy

22
Q

Gynaecomastia

A
  • Spironolactone
  • Digoxin
  • Verapamil
  • Cimetidine
  • Metronidazole
23
Q

SIADH

A
  • Carbamazepine
  • Cyclophosphamide
  • Chlorpropamide
  • SSRIs
  • TCAs
24
Q

Prolonged QTc

A

Fluoroquinolones: cipro

Venlafaxine

Neuroleptics: phenothiazines, haldol

Macrolides

Antiarrhythmics 1a/III: quinidine, amiodarone, sotalol

TCAs

Histamine antagonists

25
Q

Thrombocytopenia

A

􏰀 Valproate
􏰀 Salicylates
􏰀 Chloroquine

26
Q

Neutropenia

A
  • Carbamazepine
  • Carbimazole
  • Clozapine
  • Sulfasalazine
27
Q

Pancytopenia / aplastic anaemia

A 
􏰀 Cytotoxics
􏰀 Phenytoin
􏰀 Chloramphenicol 
􏰀 Penicillamine
􏰀 Phenothiazines 
􏰀 Methyldopa
28
Q

Photosensitivity

A

Amiodarone
Thiazides
Sulfonylureas

29
Q

Pulmonary fibrosis

A 
􏰀 Bleomycin
􏰀 Busulfan
􏰀 Amiodarone 
􏰀 Nitrofurantoin 
􏰀 Sulfasalazine
􏰀 Methotrexate 
􏰀 Methysergide
30
Q

Lithium and diuretics

A

Diuretics decreases lithium clearance

31
Q

Simvastatin
Atorvastatin
Rosuvastatin

A
  • Headache
  • Gastrointestinal disturbances
  • Myopathy
  • Rhabdomyolysis (rare)
  • Risk in liver enzymes (ALT) leading to drug induced hepatitis (rare)
32
Q

Nitrates

A
  • Headache
  • Postural hypotension
  • Syncope
  • Flushing
  • Reflex tachycardia
  • Tolerance with prolonged use
33
Q

Acetazolamide
Dorzolamide
Methazolamide
Brinzolamide

A

Carbonic anhydrase inhibitors

  • Paresthesia
  • Tinnitus
  • Anorexia
  • Vomiting
  • Somnolence
  • Rash: erythema multiforme to Stevens-Johnson syndrome

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