Assessment of Coping Flashcards
On a scale of 1 to 10, where 1 is “very minor” and 10 is “extreme”, how would you rate the stress you are experiencing in the following areas?
home, work or school, finance, recent illness, or loss of a loved one, your health, family responsibilities, relationships with friends, relationships with parents or children, relationships with partner, recent hospitalization, other
crying and cringing
infants coping strategy
frightened and react by withdrawing or losing control
toddlers and preschool age coping strategy
“sandwich generation” caring for both their children and parents and are unable to leave enough time for themselves
middle adults coping strategy
more capable of thinking about incidents that cause stress and talking with adults. (As children grow they are able to develop more coping skills to manage stressful situations)
Middle Aged Adults
May experience losses and changes. Changes in health, decreased functional ability and independence, need for relocation, loss of family and friends, and becoming a caregiver for a spouse are some of their major stressors.
Older Adults
Pupils dilate, sweat production increases, heart rate and cardiac output increase, skin is pallid, sodium and water retention increases, rate and depth of respiration increase, urinary output decreases, mouth may become dry, peristalsis of the intestines decreases, mental alertness improves, muscle tensions increases, blood sugar increases.
Initial stress response
nail biting, nervousness, weight changes, hypertension, and dyspnea
Other stress responses
state of mental uneasiness, apprehension, dread, or foreboding or a feeling of helplessness related to an impending or anticipated unidentified threat to self or significant relationships.
anxiety
produces a slight arousal that enhances perception, learning, and productive abilities. Most healthy people experience mild anxiety, perhaps a feeling of mild restlessness that prompts a person to seek information and ask questions.
mild anxiety
increased questioning, mild restlessness, sleeplessness, feelings of increased arousal and alertness, increase in motivation, irritability and uses learning to adapt.
clinical manifestations of anxiety
mild _____ is typically resolved by an individual’s coping mechanisms. Improved sleep hygiene, relaxation techniques, behavior therapy, massage, aroma therapy.
Clinical Therapies for anxiety
increases the arousal to a point where the person expresses tension, nervousness, or concern. Perceptual abilities are narrowed. Attention is focused more on a particular aspect of a situation than on peripheral activities.
moderate anxiety
voice tremors and pitch changes, tremors, facial twitches, and shakiness, increased muscle tension, narrowed focus of attention, able to focus but selectively inattentive, learning slightly impaired, slightly increased respiratory and heart rates, self-absorption, increased restlessness, increased perspiration, rapid speech, louder tone, higher pitch and mild gastric symptoms (butterflies in stomach)
Clinical Manifestations of Moderate Anxiety
cognitive and behavior therapy to identify triggers and learn improved coping techniques, relaxation techniques, complementary and alternative therapies (yoga, acupuncture, and massage), lose-does anti-anxiety medications if symptoms do not improve
clinical therapies for moderate anxiety
consumes most of the person’s energies and requires intervention. Perception is further decreased, the person is unable to focus on what is happening, focuses on only one specific detail of the situation generating the anxiety.
severe anxiety
communication difficult to understand, increased motor activity, inability to relax, fearful facial expression, inability to focus or concentrate, feelings of dread/horror, trembling, insomnia, palpitations, diarrhea, easily distracted, learning severely impaired, tachycardia, hyperventilation, headache, dizziness, and nausea
clinical manifestations of severe anxiety
cognitive and behavior therapies to learn to identify triggers and to learn better coping techniques, anti-anxiety medications, relaxation techniques, complementary therapies such as yoga, acupuncture, and massage and possible hospitalization
clinical therapies for severe anxiety
is an overpowering, frightening level of anxiety causing the person to lose control. It is less frequently experienced than the other levels of anxiety. The perception of a panicked person can be affected to the degree that the person distorts events.
Panic
communication may not be understandable, increased motor activity, agitation, unpredictable responses, trembling, poor motor coordination, perception distorted or exaggerated inability to learn or function, dyspnea, palpitations, choking, chest pain/pressure, feeling of impending doom, paresthesia, and sweating
clinical manifestations of panic
placing client in a quiet, less stimulating environment, use of repetitive or physical task to diffuse energy, anti-anxiety medication, CBT, pharmacologic therapy, relaxation techniques, improved sleep hygiene, massage acupuncture, yoga, hydrotherapy, nutrition consultation, mental health counseling.
Clinical Therapies of panic
emotion or feeling of apprehension aroused by impending or seeming danger, pain, or another perceived threat. Fear may be a response to something that has already occurred, an immediate or current threat, or something the person believes will happen.
fear
the source of anxiety may not be identifiable, whereas the source of fear is identifiable. Anxiety is related to the future (an anticipated event), whereas fear is related to past, present and future; anxiety is vague, whereas fear is definite. Anxiety is the result of psychological or emotional conflict, whereas fear is the result of a specific physical or psychological entitiy.
differences between fear and anxiety
emotional state consisting of a subjective feeling of animosity or strong displeasure
anger
