Intravenous Therapy Flashcards
Why are IV fluids used?
They are a quick way to replace nutrients, water, and electrolytes
What are the three types of IV fluid?
Isotonic, hypotonic, hypertonic
describe isotonic fluid/ give examples.
Isotonic fluid is the same as the inside of the cell. 0.95 normal saline, lactated ringer, D5W
Why would you give isotonic fluids?
D.K.A., burns, to replace sodium and chloride * 0.9 % NS always hung with blood**
Describe hypotonic fluid/give examples.
Hypotonic fluid is less concentrated than the cell. This would cause water to move into the cell. 0.45% NS is an example
Why would you give hypotonic fluids?
Dehydration, hypernatremia; lowers blood pressure
Why should this fluid be closely monitored?
Because a rapid increase in fluid shifting into the cells can cause cellular and cerebral edema.
Describe hypertonic fluid/ give examples.
Hypertonic fluid is more concentrated than cell. This would cause water movement out of the cell.
5%NS, D5%NS, D5%LR
Why would you give hypertonic fluids?
Hyponatremia, nutrion
Why should this fluid be closely monitored?
Because it can cause eletrolyte imbalance and dehydration
Before you star IV fluids, assess client’s____
IV; make sure it is patent
If the IV is infiltrated, what would you see?
Cool, swollen, tender, painful at the site
