Proteins

Question 1

What are 3 examples of proteins?

Answer 1

Enzymes
Structural Proteins
Transport Proteins

Question 2

What is an enzyme-like function?

Answer 2

Amelogenin acting as a scaffold for the mineralization of enamel

Question 3

What is the typical composition of bone?

Answer 3

Mineral (Hydroxyapatite 50-70%)
Protein (Mostly collagen; 20-40%) 
Non-collagen proteins (typically 1-2%)
Lipids (3%)
Water (5-10%)

Question 4

The linkage between amino acids in protein is an _____ linkage?

Answer 4

amide

Question 5

Two amino acids hooked together is a ______ bond

Answer 5

Peptide

Question 6

Most proteins are ___ - ______ amino acids long

Answer 6

50 - 2000

Question 7

Each protein sequence produces its own _______

Answer 7

Function

Question 8

Omega

Answer 8

specifies protein backbone dihedral angle

Question 9

Rotation around the peptide bond is restricted by ________. This simplifies deducing secondary structures.

Answer 9

Resonance

Question 10

Alpha helices

Answer 10

Spiral staircases with amino acid steps

Question 11

How many steps per alpha helice turn?

Answer 11

3.6 steps

Question 12

What handed are alpha-helices?

Answer 12

right-handed

Question 13

How do side chains project on alpha helices?

Answer 13

up and out

Question 14

What is the distance between

Answer 14

0.15 nm

Question 15

What is the distance between neighboring B strand residues?

Answer 15

0.35 nm

Question 16

How do beta strands pair?

Answer 16

donor-acceptor backbone

Question 17

B-strands are fully ______ conformations

Answer 17

extended

Question 18

B - strands can align both _______ and ______ to form B- sheets

Answer 18

parallel

antiparallel

Question 19

Silk fibroin is all __ sheet

Answer 19

Beta

Question 20

Amyloid of _______ disease is almost all __ sheet

Answer 20

Alzheimer

Beta

Question 21

__ - keratin (intracellular fibers of skin) is all __ helix (coiled-coil)

Answer 21

alpha

alpha

Question 22

Myosin (protein for muscle contraction) is mostly __ helix

Answer 22

alpha

Question 23

Some _______ - forming proteins are disordered before forming amyloid

Answer 23

amyloid

Question 24

Amyloid

Answer 24

starch like but is actually a protein, presence in almost all neurogenerative diseases

Question 25

Parallel B-sheet can wrap as a helix __ - helix

Answer 25

Beta

Question 26

The collagen triple helix is 1/3 _____.

Answer 26

Glycine

Question 27

The collagen triple helix has inter-helical -bonds

Answer 27

H

Question 28

What is the hydrogen bond donor of the collagen triple helix?

Answer 28

NH2 of glycine

Question 29

What is the three dimensional structure of the polypeptide chain stabilized by?

Answer 29

hydrogen bonds, electrostatic and hydrophobic interactions and certain cases by disulfide linkage between cysteine residues

Question 30

Quaternary structure

Answer 30

refers to the arrangement of protein subunits in a multinumeric complex

Question 31

What is one of the most well known and highly characterized multi-protein complexes?

Answer 31

Hemoglobin heterotetramer

Question 32

The partial double bond character of the peptide bond restricts neighboring groups to a single ______.

Answer 32

plane