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CUMULATIVE > PHARM FINAL 100 > Flashcards

PHARM FINAL 100 Flashcards

1
Q

contact lens wearers eye drops

A

want to protect for pseudomonas

CIPRO

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2
Q

aminoglycosides = concerned about

A

nephrotoxicity
ototoxicity (irreversible)
neuromuscular blockade

therefore aminoglycosides are CI with myasthenia gravis

neuromuscular blockade reversed with CALCIUM GLUCONATE (also reverses magnesium sulfate)

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3
Q

fluoroquinolones = worried about

A

tendon rupture

higher risk with elderly > 60, patients on steroids, and patients who have had a heart / lung / kidney transplant

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4
Q

which aminoglycoside = most concerned about GI distress / diarrhea

A

erythromycin

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5
Q

jarisch herxheimer rxn = most often seen with

A

secondary syphilis treatment with PCN

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6
Q

grey baby syndrome, hemolytic anemia & aplastic anemia = seen with

A

chloramphenicol

because of interference with human mitochondrial ribosomes, can lead to poor feeding, depressed breathing, cardiovascular collapse, cyanosis, and death

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7
Q

red man syndrome = seen with

A

vancomycin

histamine release which causes flushing and pruritus

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8
Q

treatment for gonorrhea

treatment for chlamydia

A

gonorrhea = ceftriaxone (Rocephin) 250mg IM

chlamydia = azithromycin

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9
Q

doxycycline = worried about

A

GI upset; give with food

can be given in patients with renal compromise because it is cleared from bile duct to feces instead of through urine like the rest of tetracyclines

teeth staining / stunt growth of bones; so don’t give to kids < 8

do not give with dairy

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10
Q

clindamycin = worried about

A

C. dif

Clostridium difficile is a bug that hangs out in the gut and typically causes zero problems. However, with administration of Clindamycin you can potentially have overgrowth of Clostridium difficile which can lead to a potentially fatal disease referred to as pseudomembranous colitis

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11
Q

treatment for C. dif

A

1st line = metronidazole

2nd line = vancomycin

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12
Q

anti-pseudomonal penicillins

A

piperacillin

ticarcillin

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13
Q

community acquired pneumonia treatment

A

azithromycin

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14
Q

lyme dz & RMSF treatment

A

doxy

lyme dz = doxy; if < 8 = amoxicillin

RMSF = doxy, even if a kid; pregnant = chloramphenicol

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15
Q

otitis media treatment in children

A

amoxicillin 90mg/kg/day BID

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16
Q

selective NSAID med

selective vs non-selective

A

celecoxib (Celebrex)

COX-1 and COX-2. Both enzymes produce prostaglandins that promote inflammation, pain, and fever; however, only COX-1 produces prostaglandins that activate platelets and protect the stomach and intestinal lining.

so non-selective NSAIDS = inhibit COX 1 & 2 = inhibit prostaglandins that promote inflammation / pain / fever, but also inhibit prostaglandins from COX 1 from protect stomach/intestinal lining –> ulcers

  • selective NSAIDS = only COX 2 = inhibit inflammation / pain / fever, but don’t inhibit COX 1, therefore doesn’t inhibit stomach/intestinal lining protection - (celebrex / celecoxib) - don’t get ulcers
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17
Q

BPH treatment

A

Flomax (tamusulosin)

alpha-1 blocker = causes peripheral vasodilation
(alpha 1 receptors cause peripheral vacoconstriction)

SE = 1st dose syncope; orthostatic hypotension

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18
Q

impetigo treatment

A

mupirocin (Bactroban)

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19
Q

cellulitis treatment (uncomplicated)

complicated cellulitis treatment (worried about MRSA)

A

uncomplicated = Keflex (cephalexin)

complicated = Vanco or Clindamycin

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20
Q

anaerobic coverage antibiotics

A

clindamycin & metronidazole

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21
Q

MRSA antibiotics

A 
vancomycin
clindamycin
doxycycline
Bactrim
linezolid
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22
Q

dog/cat/human bite treatment

A

augmentin

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23
Q

cell wall synthesis inhibitor antibiotics

A

beta lactam antibiotics

  • penicillins
  • cephalosporins
  • beta lactamase inhibitors
  • carbapenem
  • monobactam
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24
Q

protein synthesis inhibitor antibiotics

30S vs 50S

A

buy AT 30s

  • aminoglycosides
  • tetracyclines

CELL at 50s

  • chloramphenicol
  • erythromycin (all macrolides)
  • Lincosamides (clindamycin)
  • Linezolid
25
Q

bacteriostatic vs bactericidal

A

BACTERIOSTATIC = ECSTaTiC

  • Erythromycin (macrolides)
  • Chloramphenicol
  • Bactrim (sulfamethoxazole - trimethoprim)
  • Tetracyclines
  • Clindamycin

BACTERICIDAL = Very Finely Proficient At Cell Murder

  • Vancomycin
  • Fluoroquinolones
  • Penicillins
  • Aminoglycosides
  • Cephalosporins
  • Metronidazole
26
Q

You should evaluate _________ function in anyone taking lithium

A

thyroid

27
Q

treatment for a heparin overdose

A

protamine sulfate

28
Q

reversal of benzos

A

flumazenil (Romazicon)

29
Q

reversal of opioids

A

naloxone (Narcan)

30
Q

max daily dose of acetaminophen

A

4g

31
Q

reversal of acetaminophen overdose

A

acetylcysteine

32
Q

medication associated with malignant hyperthermia

A

magnesium sulfate

33
Q

torsades de pointes med

A

magnesium sulfate

34
Q

reversal of magnesium sulfate

A

calcium gluconate

35
Q

TB treatment

A

RIPE
rifampin - turns pee orange & hepatotoxicity
isoniazid - peripheral neuropathy & hepatotoxicity
pyrazinamide - gout & hepatotoxicity
ethambutol - optic neuritis, color-blindness

36
Q

SE of rifampin

A

Orange body fluids

Thrombocytopenia

37
Q

SE of ethambutol

A

Optic neuritis & color disturbance

Peripheral neuropathy

38
Q

long term PPI use = associated with ______ deficiency

A

B12

39
Q

gout medications

A

Indomethacin
Allopurinol–decreased formation & increased excretion
Probenecid–increases uric acid excretion

40
Q

What do you co-administer with methotrexate?

A

folate

41
Q

SE of bleomycin

A

pulmonary fibrosis

42
Q

MC beta lactam abx associated with diarrhea

A

augmentin

43
Q

respiratory fluoroquinolones

A

moxifloxacin
Gemifloxacin
levofloxacin

44
Q

pseudomonas quinolones

A

ciprofloxacin

levofloxacin

45
Q

DNA synthesis inhibitors (abx)

A

Fluoroquinolones

Metronidazole

46
Q

folic acid synthesis inhibitors

A

bactrim

47
Q

RNA synthesis inhibitor

A

RIfampin

48
Q

Mycolic acid synthesis inhibitor

A

Isoniazid

49
Q

which fluoroquinolone is not cleared renally, and therefore does NOT have to be adjusted with renal dysfunction

A

moxifloxacin

50
Q

most ototoxic aminoglycoside

A

amikacin

51
Q

which abx = worried about kernicterus with pregnancy

A

sulfonamides

52
Q

metronidazole indications

A

trichomonas vaginalis (bacterial vaginosis)

c. dif
h. pylori (when allergic to amoxicillin)

53
Q

BBW of metronidazole

A

carcinogenic in mice

54
Q

do not give which drug with vancomycin

A

AMINOGLYCOSIDES
- due to enhanced effects of nephrotoxicity & ototoxicity

also don’t give NSAIDS & Piperacillin with vanco

55
Q

treatment for pericarditis

A

colchicine (indomethacin)

NSAIDS + ASA

56
Q

treat HTN in black people with

A

CCB

57
Q

patients with CAD & HTN should be treated with

A

beta blocker

58
Q

HTN & pregnancy can be treated with

A

methyldopa (1st line)

hydralazine

labetalol

do NOT use ACEI/ARBs in pregnancy

CUMULATIVE (3 decks)

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