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Pharmacology > Abx > Flashcards

Abx Flashcards

1
Q

What is the Abx for chlamydia?

A

Azithromycin

Doxycycline if penicillin allergic

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2
Q

What is first line for candidiasis?

A

Clotrimazole

Second line fluconazole

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3
Q

What is first line for tonsillitis?

A 
Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin)
Clarithromycin if penicillin allergic
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4
Q

What is first line for otitis externa?

A

Acetic acid

Neomycin sulphate second line

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5
Q

What is first line for otitis media?

A

Amoxicillin

Erythromycin if penicillin allergic

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6
Q

What is first line for sinusitis?

A 
Penicillin V (phenoxymethylpenicillin)
Doxycycline if penicillin allergic
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7
Q

What is first line for bronchitis?

A

Amoxicillin

Doxycycline if allergic

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8
Q

What is first line for acute exacerbation of COPD, with regards to antibiotics?

A

Amoxicillin

Doxycycline if penicillin allergic

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9
Q

What is first line Abx for bronchiectasis?

A

Amoxicillin

Doxycycline or clarithromycin if penicillin allergic

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10
Q

What is first and second line for a simple UTI?

A

Trimethoprim

Second line nitrofurantoin (more expensive)

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11
Q

What is first line for a complicated UTI?

A

Co-amoxiclav

Ciprofloxacin if penicillin allergic

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12
Q

What is recommended for eradication of H pylori?

A

PPI and amoxicillin and clarithromycin or metronidazole

If penicillin allergic, no amoxicillin but both clarithromycin and metronidazole

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13
Q

What is first line for treatment of acute diverticulitis in a systemically unwell patient?

A

Co-amoxiclav

If penicillin allergic, ciprofloxacin and metronidazole

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14
Q

What is first line for treatment of endometriosis?

A

Cefalexin and metronidazole

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15
Q

What is recommended for treatment of PID?

A

Ceftriaxone and metronidazole and doxycycline

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16
Q

What is recommended treatment for impetigo?

A

Localised - fusidic acid

Systemic - flucloxacillin or clarithromycin if allergic

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17
Q

What is recommended for treatment of bites?

A

Surgical irrigation, then co-amoxiclav. Metronidazole if allergic

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18
Q

What is recommended for treatment of a fungal infected nail?

A

Terbinafine (topical)

19
Q

What is recommended for suspected meningococcal disease?

A 
Immediate transfer to hospital
IM benzylpenicillin (cefotaxime if allergic)
20
Q

What is recommended for mastitis?

A

Flucloxacillin

Erythromycin if allergic

21
Q

What is the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides such as gentamicin?

A

Inhibits bacterial Protein synthesis

22
Q

What type of antibiotic is gentamicin?

A

Aminoglycoside

23
Q

What type of antibiotic is erythromycin?

A

Macrolide

24
Q

What is the mechanism of action of a macrolide such as erythromycin or clarithromycin?

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis

25
Q

What type of antibiotic is ciprofloxacin?

A

Quinolone

26
Q

What is the mechanism of action of quinolones such as ciprofloxacin?

A

Inhibits bacterial nucleic acid synthesis

27
Q

What is the mechanism of action of trimethoprim?

A

Inhibits bacterial nucleic acid synthesis

28
Q

What is the mechanism of action of fluconazole?

A

Inhibits fungal cell membrane synthesis

29
Q

What is the mechanism of aciclovir?

A

Phosphorylation inhibits viral DNA polymerase

30
Q

What is metronidazole active against?

A

Antibacterial (anaerobes) and antiprotozoal agent

31
Q

What class of medication is trimethoprim?

A

It’s own. Used alone for UTIs

32
Q

What class of medication is metronidazole?

A

It’s own (nitroimidazoles)

33
Q

What class of medication is fluconazole?

A

Azores

34
Q

What class of medication are tazobactam and co-amoxiclav?

A

Beta lactamase inhibitor combinations

35
Q

What is the mechanism of action of penicillins?

A

Inhibit bacterial cell wall synthesis

36
Q

What are macrolides such as erythromycin and clarithromycin commonly used for?

A

Gram positive infection in penicillin allergy

37
Q

What type of antibiotic is ceftriaxone?

A

Cephalosporins

38
Q

What is the mechanism of action of cephalosporins such as ceftriaxone?

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis

39
Q

What class of antibiotic is meropenam?

A

Carbapenem

40
Q

What is the mechanism of action of carbapenems such as meropenem?

A

Inhibition of bacterial cell wall synthesis, but has good activity against gram negatives too

41
Q

What class of medication is vancomycin?

A

Glycopeptide

42
Q

What is the mechanism of action of glycopeptide such as vancomycin?

A

Inhibits bacterial cell wall synthesis - active against gram positives

43
Q

What class of medication is doxycycline?

A

Tetracyclines

44
Q

What is the mechanism of action of tetracyclines such as doxycycline?

A

Inhibits bacterial protein synthesis. Active against gram positives

Pharmacology (9 decks)

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