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Physiology (Gastrointestinal) > Gastric Secretion > Flashcards

Gastric Secretion Flashcards

1
Q

Name the 6 cell types involved in gastric secretion

A 
parietal (oxyntic) cells
chief cells
mucous cells
endocrine cells
mast cells
epithelial cells
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2
Q

What do parietal cells secrete?

A

H+

intrinsic factor

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3
Q

What do chief cells secrete?

A

pepsinogen

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4
Q

What do mucous cells secrete?

A

sulfated glycoproteins

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5
Q

What do endocrine cells secrete?

A

gastrin

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6
Q

What do mast cells secrete?

A

histamine

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7
Q

What do epithelial cells secrete?

A

HCO3-

prostanoids

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8
Q

Name the 5 functions of gastric secretion

A

protein digestion - acid and pepsin
inactivation of bacteria, viruses, and parasites
iron absorption - Fe2+ + H+ = Fe3+
intrinsic factor - vitamin B12 absorption
prostanoids - mucosal barrier cyto-protection

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9
Q

Name the 4 phases of gastric secretion

A

basal phase
cephalic phase
gastric phase
intestinal phase

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10
Q

Basal phase

A

that which occurs in the absence of all cephalic, gastric, and intestinal stimulation

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11
Q

Cephalic phase

A

that mediated by sight, smell, taste, swallowing

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12
Q

Gastric phase

A

that mediated by gastric distension and protein concentration

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13
Q

Intestinal phase

A

that mediated by duodenal amino acid concentration

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14
Q

Explain the cephalic phase of gastric secretion

A

vagal nerve stimulates parietal cells via Ach to secrete H+

vagal nerve stimulates G cells via Ach to release gastrin, which stimulates parietal cells to release H+

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15
Q

Explain the gastric phase of gastric secretion

A

distension stimulates G cells to produce gastrin, which stimulates parietal cells to release H+
amino acids and peptides from the food stimulates parietal cells to produce H+
distension also stimulates parietal cells to produce H+

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16
Q

Name the 3 receptors in a parietal cell

A

histamine
acetylcholine
gastrin

17
Q

Where does feline intrinsic factor originate?

A

pancreas

mediates ileal cobalamin absorption - vitamin B12

18
Q

Name the 7 different mechanisms for inhibiting gastric acid secretion

A

dietary management (decrease gastric distention and protein content)
oral antacids
chemical diffusion barriers (sucralfate)
acetylcholine receptor antagonists (pirenzepine)
histamine receptor antagonists (ranitidine)
gastrin receptor antagonists (proglumide)
H+, K+, ATPase inhibitors (omeprazole)

19
Q

Name the 5 parts of the gastric mucosal barrier

A 
mucosal cell renewal
HCO3- secretion
mucus secretion
mucosal blood flow
prostaglandins
20
Q

5 things that can cause damage to the mucosal barrier

A 
H+ secretion
increased permeability
mucosal disruption
decreased hydrophobicity
apoptosis/necrosis
21
Q

7 causes of gastric ulcers

A 
NSAIDs
glucocorticoids
stress/shock
mast cell disease
lymphoma
gastrinoma
systemic disease

Physiology (Gastrointestinal) (14 decks)

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