7.1 & 7.2

Question 1

is formed by covalent bonds between an oxygen atom and two hydrogen atoms.

Answer 1

Water molecule

Question 2

The bond between hydrogen and oxygen involves unequal sharing of electrons.

Answer 2

Polar covalent bond

Question 3

Explain that water molecules are polar and hydrogen bonds form between them.

Answer 3

the nucleus of the oxygen atom is more attractive to electrons so the oxygen has a partial negative charge than the nuclei of the hydrogen atoms, which have a partial positive charge.

Question 4

s the force that forms when a hydrogen atom (positive) in one polar molecule is attracted to a slightly negative atom of another polar covalent molecule .

Answer 4

hydrogen bond

Question 5

are polar and can form hydrogen bonds

Answer 5

water molecules

Question 6

are nonpolar and do not form hydrogen bonds.

Answer 6

methane molecules

Question 7

Water molecules are formed by

Answer 7

Polar Covalent bonds.

Question 8

is a result of the electrons they share.

One pole negative, and the other slightly positive

Answer 8

dipolarity

Question 9

binding together of two molecules of the same type, (e.g. two water molecules), This property is very useful for water transport in plants .

Answer 9

cohesion

Question 10

Hydrogen bonds can form between water and other polar molecules, causing water to stick to them. This property is useful in leaves, where water adheres to cellulose molecules in cell walls.

Answer 10

adhesion

Question 11

it separates from other molecules in a liquid and becomes a vapor molecule.

Answer 11

vaporization

Question 12

is the highest temperature that a substance can reach in a liquid state.

Answer 12

boiling point

Question 13

is a complex mixture of dissolved substances in which the chemical reactions of metabolism occurs.

Answer 13

cytoplasm

Question 14

the literal meaning of the word is water-loving. It is used to describe substances that are chemically attracted to water. All substances that dissolve in water are hydrophilic. Example: glucose, sodium and chloride Ions.

Answer 14

Hydrophilic

Question 15

Some substances are insoluble in water although they dissolve in other solvents. hey do not have negative or positive charges and are nonpolar. Examples: all lipids (fats and oils)

Answer 15

hydrophobic

Question 16

is a homogeneous mixture of 2 or more substances.

Answer 16

solution

Question 17

substance being dissolved. (Substance

present in less amount).

Answer 17

solute

Question 18

component of a solution whose physical
state is retained. (Substance present in greater
amount). WATERRRR

Answer 18

solvent

Question 19

is a measure of the amount of solute in a specific quantity of solvent.

Answer 19

The concentration of a solution

Question 20

FORMULA FOR PERCENTAGE

Answer 20

% w/w = mass(g) de solute X 100

mass(g) de solution

Question 21

FORMULA SOLUTE

Answer 21

ml solution x %v/V /100

Question 22

is the energy needed to break the hydrogen bonds, and the amount of energy requested is relatively charge.

Answer 22

high specific heat capacity

Question 23

the heat needed to evaporate, which is to separate molecules in a liquid. Because is a good evaporative coolant.

Answer 23

high latent heat of vaporization

Question 24

example of a coolant

Answer 24

sweating

Question 25

it is the highest temperature that it can reach in a liquid state.

Answer 25

high boiling point.

Question 26

water is made up of two hydrogen atoms covalently bond to an oxygen atom.

Answer 26

intramolecular bonds

Question 27

Is the ability of water to surround polar molecules by using hydrogen bonds.

Answer 27

solubility

Question 28

Example of polar

Answer 28

glucose and aminoacids

Question 29

example of nonpolar

Answer 29

fats, and fatty acids lipids: oils

Question 30

is a field of study that focuses on investigating biological activity at a molecular level.

Answer 30

molecular biology

Question 31

The approach of the molecular biologist

Answer 31

It involves considering the various biochemical processes of a living organism and breaking down into its component parts.

Question 32

There are simple molecules very important for living organisms, an example of this is:

Answer 32

water

Question 33

There are complex and varied molecules, examples:

Answer 33

nucleic acid and proteins.

Question 34

are the subunits that comprise DNA and RNA. | They are the chemicals used to make genes.

Answer 34

nucleic acids

Question 35

are astonishingly varied in structure and carry out a huge range of tasks within the cell.

Answer 35

proteins

Question 36

The relationship between genes and proteins is

Answer 36

at the heart of the molecular biology

Question 37

forms the basis of organic life due to its ability to form large and complex molecules via covalent bonding.

Answer 37

carbon

Question 38

how many covalent bonds can form carbon?

Answer 38

4 covalent bonds

Question 39

The bonds can also be with other elements such as:

Answer 39

hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus

Question 40

Are composed of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen.

Answer 40

carbohydrates

Question 41

Are molecules that are insoluble in water, including steroids, waxes, fatty acids and triglycerides.

Answer 41

lipids

Question 42

are fats if they are solid at room temperature or oils if they are liquid at room temperature.

Answer 42

triglycerides

Question 43

Are composed of one or more chains of aminoacids, which join together to form polypeptide chains.

Answer 43

proteins

Question 44

They are chains of subunits called nucleotides, which contain carbon, hydrogen, oxygen, nitrogen and phosphorus.

Answer 44

nucleic acids

Question 45

here are two types of nucleic acid:

Answer 45

ribonucleic acid (RNA) and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA).

Question 46

are the building blocks of disaccharides (two sugar units) and polysaccharides (many sugar units)

Answer 46

Monosaccharides

Question 47

Carbohydrates are composed of monomers called

Answer 47

Monosaccharides

Question 48

The formula for glucose is

Answer 48

C6H12O6

Question 49

Carbohydrates:

Answer 49

ribose and glucose

Question 50

The formula for ribose is

Answer 50

C5H10O5

Question 51

The molecule is a five-membered ring with a side chain. Four carbon atoms are in the ring and one forms the side chain.

Answer 51

ribose

Question 52

Each nucleotide consists of 3 components

Answer 52

a pentose sugar, a phosphate group and a nitrogenous base

Question 53

is a nitrogen-containing compound. It is a component of urine. It is produced when there is an excess of amino acids in the body,

Answer 53

urea

Question 54

is the sum of all reactions that occur in an organism. These reactions are catalyzed by enzymes.

Answer 54

metabolism

Question 55

Is the synthesis of complex molecules from simpler molecules including the formation of macromolecules from monomers by condensation reactions.

Answer 55

anabolism

Question 56

anabolism processes

Answer 56

Protein synthesis. DNA synthesis. Photosynthesis. Synthesis of complex carbohydrates.

Question 57

Is the breakdown of complex molecules into simpler molecules , by the hydrolysis of macromolecules into monomers.

Answer 57

catabolism

Question 58

anabolism characteristics

Answer 58

Building UP Uses Energy Releases water

Question 59

catabolism characteristics

Answer 59

Breaking Down Release energy Uses water hydrolisis

Question 60

Write a null hypothesis

Answer 60

there is no significant relationship between variables

Question 61

Write a alternative hypothesis

Answer 61

there is a significant relationship between variables

Question 62

Write a conclusion

Answer 62

Since r calculated (quantity) is greater/smaller than r tables (pearson) null/alternative hypothesis is rejected. Therefore with 95% confident level, alternative/null hypothesis is accepted, meaning there is/there is no a significant relationship between variables.