7.1-7.4 cramming deck Flashcards
(28 cards)
Animal cells in a hypertonic solution will shrivel and
the net movement of water is out of the cell.
effects on a cell in a hypertonic solution
true or false:Facilitated diffusion requires no additional input of energy because the particles are moving from an area of high concentration to an area of lower concentration.
true
When a cell is placed in a(n) ____ solution, the concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than it is inside.
hypertonic
When a cell is in a solution that has the same concentration of water and solutes—ions, sugars, proteins, and other substances—as its cytoplasm, the cell is said to be in what type of solution?
isotonic
The movement of substances across the plasma membrane against a concentration gradient that requires energy is called ____ ____.
active transport
If a cell is in a solution that has a lower concentration of solute, the cell is said to be in a _____ solution.
hypotonic
Describe how plant and animal cells differ in their reaction to a hypotonic solution.
Plant cells wouldnt burst while animal cells would
Which type of transport across the plasma membrane involves the use of carrier proteins?
Pumps
The ________
side of the U-shaped tube shown in the illustration had a lower concentration of sugar than the _______
side before osmosis occurred.
- Left
2. right
Select the statements about the sodium-potassium ATPase pump that are true.
1 Substances, such as sugar, cannot “piggy-back” their way into or out of a cell by coupling with another substance that uses an active transport pump.
2The pump maintains the level of sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) inside and outside the cell.
3The pump uses the energy to transport three sodium ions out of the cell while moving two potassium ions into the cell.
2The pump maintains the level of sodium ions (Na+) and potassium ions (K+) inside and outside the cell.
3The pump uses the energy to transport three sodium ions out of the cell while moving two potassium ions into the cell.
When water moves into and out of a cell at the same rate, and a cell retains is normal shape, the cell is most likely in a(n) ____ solution.
isotonic
In which type of solution is a cell when concentration of the solute outside of the cell is higher than it is inside?
hypertonic
____ is the process by which a cell surrounds a substance in the outside environment, enclosing the substance in a portion of the plasma membrane.
endocytosis
Pumps, endocytosis, and exocytosis are all forms of ____ transport, meaning that they require an input of energy.
active
How do active and passive transport help a cell respond to changes in the environment?
by moving materials across the cell membrane
Select statements about exocytosis that are true.
1 Exocytosis requires the input of energy.
2 Cells use exocytosis to expel wastes and to secrete substances, such as hormones, produced by the cell.
3 During exocytosis, substances from outside the cell are engulfed and enclosed by a portion of the cell’s plasma membrane.
1 Exocytosis requires the input of energy.
2 Cells use exocytosis to expel wastes and to secrete substances, such as hormones, produced by the cell.
Together, the different types of transport allow a cell to interact with its environment while maintaining ____.
homeostasis
Which describes the two layers of phospholipids arranged tail-to-tail that make up the plasma membrane of a cell?
phospholipid bilayer
Select the functions of proteins in the plasma membrane.
1 Proteins that stick out from the plasma membrane define the cell’s characteristics and help cells identify chemical signals.
2Proteins span the entire membrane and create tunnels through which certain substances enter and leave the cell.
3 When found on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, proteins called receptors transmit signals to the inside of the cell.
4Proteins help to prevent the fatty-acid tails of the phospholipid bilayer from sticking together.
4Proteins at the inner surface of the plasma membrane anchor the plasma membrane to the cell’s internal support structure, giving the cell its shape.
2Proteins span the entire membrane and create tunnels through which certain substances enter and leave the cell.
3When found on the outer surface of the plasma membrane, proteins called receptors transmit signals to the inside of the cell.
4 Proteins at the inner surface of the plasma membrane anchor the plasma membrane to the cell’s internal support structure, giving the cell its shape.
Which type of proteins move needed substances or waste materials through the plasma membrane?
Transport protiens
The ___ ___ ___ is the model used to describe a plasma membrane in which molecules can float.
fluid mosaic model
The plasma membrane is composed of a ____ ____, in which two layers of phospholipids are arranged tail-to-tail.
phospholipid bilayer
Carbohydrates attached to proteins, also known as ____, stick out from the plasma membrane to define the cell’s characteristics and help cells identify chemical signals.
glycoproteins
Which is the model that describes the phospholipids in the bilayer as a “sea” in which other molecules can float?
fluid mosaic model
