Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM

Browse over 1 million classes created by top students, professors, publishers, and experts.


See full index

Geol 1001 > Exam 1 > Flashcards

Exam 1 Flashcards

1
Q

Which of the following is considered one of the outer planets?

  • Mars
  • Venus
  • Jupiter
  • Moon
  • None of these
A

Jupiter

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

Which of the following would be most consistent with a volcanic origin for the Arizona crater discussed in the textbook?

  • Meteorite fragments would be scattered across the area.
  • A mass of salt should exist beneath the crater.
  • Solidified magma might underlie the crater floor.
  • There will be no volcanic rocks because of the explosion
A

Solidified magma might underlie the crater floor

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

A dry climate might impact how people live by increasing…

  • the risk of drought and other water shortages.
  • irrigation needs.
  • the likelihood of volcanic activity.
  • the likelihood of earthquakes.
  • both the risk of drought and other water shortages and irrigation needs.
A

both the risk of drought and other water shortages and irrigation needs.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

What steps are involved in having a hypothesis become an established theory?

  • A U.S. government agency votes on whether the hypothesis is accepted.
  • A United Nations scientific panel votes on whether the hypothesis is accepted.
  • The hypothesis is consistent with new data and investigations used to test its predictions.
  • The hypothesis makes sense when explained by politicians.
A

The hypothesis is consistent with new data and investigations used to test its predictions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

If a magnetic stripe is 120 km wide and formed over 4 m.y., what would the rate of sea floor spreading be?
- 30 km/m.y.

  • 116 km/m.y.
  • .03 km/m.y.
A

30 km/m.y.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

In a process called nuclear fusion, what is the most common type of atoms joined together?

  • Hydrogen
  • Nitrogen
  • Oxygen
  • Carbon
A

Hydrogen

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Curving island chains across the sea floor that are mainly volcanic in origin are called…

  • island arcs.
  • sea mounts.
  • continental shelves.
  • abyssal plains.
A

Island Arcs

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

If a description of sediment states that it contains large, angular fragments that are mostly red in color, what type of data would this represent?

  • Qualitative
  • Quantitative
  • Numerical
  • Measurement
  • None of these choices are correct.
A

Qualitative

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Which of the following is valid criteria for inferring the relative ages of the two rock types in this photograph (upper tan rock crosscutting into lower black rock)?

  • The black rock is younger because it is on the bottom.
  • The black rock is younger because it is crosscut by the tan rock.
  • The evidence is contradictory about the relative ages of these two rocks.
  • The tan rock is younger because it contains pieces of the black rock.
A

The tan rock is younger because it contains pieces of the black rock.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

Mid-ocean ridges are higher than surrounding oceanic crust primarily because…

  • the crust is stronger.
  • the crust is thicker.
  • the lithosphere is thinner and hotter.
  • two plates are colliding.
  • transform faulting uplifts the rocks.
A

the lithosphere is thinner and hotter.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q 
This figure shows the main subdivisions of the geologic timescale. Which of these is the Precambrian?
A (66 ma)
B (252 Ma)
C (541 Ma)
D (started about 4500 Ma)
A

D, it is the oldest era

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

Convergence of two ocean plates forms an ocean-ocean…

  • convergent boundary.
  • divergent boundary.
  • transform boundary.
A

convergent boundary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

The youngest unit or feature in this photograph is (its a picture with angular rocks on top of a sheet of small sediment that is on top of solid gray minerals that have been weathered in layers)…

  • the gray layer in the middle of the photograph.
  • the tilted rocks at the bottom.
  • the rock at the top that contains angular fragments.
  • There is no way to tell.
A

the rock at the top that contains angular fragments.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

What map is best for showing detailed geologic information about an area?

  • Shaded relief
  • Topographic
  • Geologic
  • Satellite image
A

Geologic

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

Which of the following is an example of quantitative data?

  • The volcano is releasing much steam.
  • Volcanoes are dangerous.
  • The river has flooded a low-lying area.
  • North America is moving across Earth’s surface several centimeters per year.
  • When held, one rock feels heavier than another rock.
A

North America is moving across Earth’s surface several centimeters per year.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

The feature at location 3 is probably (1. continent A which is elevated. 2. abyssal plain by continent A. 3. mid ocean ridge. 4. abyssal plain 5. continent B lower elevation)

  • a convergent boundary.
  • where two plates are colliding.
  • not a plate boundary.
  • a divergent boundary.
  • a subduction zone.
A

A divergent boundary

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

If you wanted to determine how deep a rock layer was below a particular point on the surface, what type of figure would be most useful?

  • Evolutionary diagram
  • Satellite image
  • Topographic map
  • Geologic cross section
  • Shaded relief map
A

Geologic cross section

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

In what order did the rock layers and features form in this photograph (listed from oldest to youngest)?

  • Upper layer, fracture, middle layers, lowest layer
  • Lowest layer, middle layers, fracture, upper layer
  • Lower layer, middle layers, upper layer, fracture
  • None of these choices are correct.
A

Lower layer, middle layers, upper layer, fracture

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

Which of the following best represents the sequence by which a continent splits apart?

  • Sea floor spreading, then continental rifting, then uplift due to mantle upwelling
  • Continental rifting, then sea floor spreading, then uplift due to mantle upwelling
  • Uplift due to mantle upwelling, then continental rifting, then sea floor spreading
  • None of these choices are correct.
A

Uplift due to mantle upwelling, then continental rifting, then sea floor spreading

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

On the accompanying figure, what type of feature is located in the area of number 4? (upllifted range, plains, then the ocean. number four is in the ocean)

  • Transform fault
  • Mid-ocean ridge
  • Linear island chain
  • Fracture zone
A

Fraction zone

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

On the accompanying map, volcanic eruptions are most likely at locations (1. continent A which is elevated. 2. abyssal plain by continent A. 3. mid ocean ridge. 4. abyssal plain 5. continent B lower elevation)

  • 1 and 3.
  • 1 and 2.
  • 2 and 3.
  • 3 and 4.
  • 2 and 5.
A

1 and 3

22
Q

The yearly rate of tectonic plate movement is best measured in…

  • centimeters.
  • meters.
  • kilometers.
A

Centimeters

23
Q

Radioactive decay within the Earth produces heat; the other form of heat produced by the Earth comes from….

  • heat trapped when the Earth was formed.
  • heat produced by air as it moves across the oceans.
  • solar radiation trapped in the rock on the Earth’s surface.
A

Heat trapped when the Earth was formed

24
Q

Cracks and steps that cross the sea floor and run at right angles to mid-ocean ridges are called…

  • abyssal plains.
  • seamounts.
  • oceanic fracture zones.
A

Oceanic fracture zones.

25
Q

Which layer in the earth is similar in composition to an iron-nickel meteorite?

  • Lower mantle
  • Oceanic crust
  • Core
  • Upper mantle
  • Continental crust
A

Core

26
Q

Rainfall in mountain ranges might impact people living nearby by…

  • increasing erosion in mountains.
  • increasing flooding hazards.
  • increasing mudslide hazards.
  • water flowing into streams and rivers, increasing water supply.
  • All of these choices are correct.
A

All of these choices are correct.

27
Q 
This figure shows the main subdivisions of the geologic timescale. Which of these is the Mesozoic?
A (66 ma)
B (252 Ma)
C (541 Ma)
D (started about 4500 Ma)
A

B

28
Q

A geologist performs analyses on a rock to gather data recording its specific chemical composition. This type of data is…

  • quantitative.
  • qualitative.
  • a survey.
A

Quantitative

29
Q

The convergence of two continental masses is known as a…

  • continental collision.
  • subduction.
  • conduction.
  • divergent collision.
A

Continental collision

30
Q

A continent has an oceanic trench offshore of its coast. Which of the following is probably NOT present along this side of the continent?

  • Earthquakes
  • Melting along a mid-ocean ridge
  • Volcanoes
  • A mountain belt
  • Subduction of an oceanic plate
A

Melting along a mid-ocean ridge

31
Q

Radioactive decay in the Earth, especially in the Earth’s crust, creates a tremendous amount of…

  • Heat
  • Pressure
A

Heat

32
Q

Which of the following is data rather than an interpretation?

  • Recent volcanism at Yellowstone is related to the process that caused the low topography.
  • Volcanism in Yellowstone overlies an area of hotter-than-average mantle.
  • There is an area of low topography southwest of Yellowstone National Park.
  • The low topography southwest of Yellowstone formed when North America moved over a hot spot.
A

There is an area of low topography southwest of Yellowstone National Park.

33
Q

On the accompanying figure, which letter is over the youngest oceanic crust? (A is furthest followed by b and c, D is in the middle and elevated by a subduction zone, then followed by E)

  • E
  • C
  • B
  • D
  • A
A

D, magma probably recently rose from the crust there

34
Q

Which of the following does NOT list processes in an order consistent with a logical progression through the rock cycle?

  • Solidification, melting, burial
  • Burial, metamorphism, melting
  • Uplift, weathering, erosion
  • Weathering, erosion, deposition
  • Erosion, deposition, burial
A

Solidification, melting, burial

35
Q

Which letter on the accompanying figure indicates the elevation? (A is the ocean, B is the nearest mountain measured from its peak to the ocean surface, C is the next mountaint measuring from the peak to its valley, B is the last mountain and its measurment to its valley)

  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
A

B

36
Q

Which of the following was NOT a possible explanation for the origin of the crater in Arizona?

  • Warping by a rising mass of salt
  • Meteoroid impact
  • Collapse of large, crystal-filled cave
  • Volcanic explosion
A

Collapse of large, crystal-filled cave

37
Q

Which of the following is NOT one of the main families of rocks?

  • Meteorites
  • Metamorphic
  • Igneous
  • Sedimentary
A

Meteorites

38
Q

Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for observing a landscape?

  • Examine complexities of each feature rather than grouping features into types.
  • Examine relationships between different features.
  • Focus on one type of feature at a time, noting where this type of feature is present.
  • Observe the entire landscape first and then focus on smaller parts, one part at a time.
A

Examine complexities of each feature rather than grouping features into types.

39
Q

On the accompanying map, earthquakes are most likely at locations (1. continent A which is elevated. 2. abyssal plain by continent A. 3. mid ocean ridge. 4. abyssal plain 5. continent B lower elevation)

  • 4 and 5.
  • 1 and 4.
  • 1, 2, and 3.
  • 2, 3, and 4.
  • 1 and 5.
A

1, 2, and 3

40
Q

What type of map is shown here? (a map of a surafce that is gray and black, points out an SP Crater)

  • Topographic map with contours
  • Geologic map
  • Satellite image
  • Shaded-relief map
A

Shaded-relief map

41
Q

What idea brought a renewed interest to the idea of continental drift?

  • Evidence that similar meteorites fall on different continents
  • Data that a submarine mountain occurred beneath the middle of the Atlantic Ocean
  • Evidence that the entire Earth was once frozen
  • Evidence that a large meteorite caused extinction of the dinosaurs
A

Data that a submarine mountain occurred beneath the middle of the Atlantic Ocean

42
Q

Which of the following statements is true?

  • Earthquakes are more widespread than volcanoes or high mountains.
  • Volcanoes are more widespread than earthquakes or high mountains.
  • High mountains are more widespread than volcanoes or earthquakes.
A

Earthquakes are more widespread than volcanoes or high mountains.

43
Q

Choose the answer that best explains why a rock might not go through the complete rock cycle.

  • Rock may be involved in a variety of processes in different sequences.
  • The exposed rock may never weather, thus never enter the rock cycle again.
  • Some rocks are forever trapped in the magma of the Earth.
A

Rock may be involved in a variety of processes in different sequences.

44
Q

Which area on this world map is likely to have volcanoes above sea level? (A is South America near Chile, B soithern Atlantic, C near India, D Near Russia)

  • A
  • B
  • C
  • D
A

A

45
Q 
Which arrow(s) in this figure indicate(s) evaporation?
- A (rainfalling)
- B (sun rays going down
- C (Rays being reflected from Earth)
D (water rising from the ocean)
A

D

46
Q

Which of the following may be interpreted from the sketch? (idk looks likes strike slip fault)

  • The oldest environment represented may have been a river channel, based upon the shape of the clasts.
  • A fault has cut through the rock layers.
  • The fault is younger than all the rock layers present.
  • All of these choices are correct.
A

All of these choices are correct.

47
Q

This image would be best used in what situation? (a side profile of a region that has some small elevation)

  • The thickness of the surface layer of rock needs to be determined for a construction site.
  • The average gradient for a particular area needs to be known to study surface runoff.
  • A petroleum company wants to know if any geologic structures in the area could contain oil pools.
A

The average gradient for a particular area needs to be known to study surface runoff.

48
Q

The largest object in the solar system is…

  • Earth.
  • the Sun.
  • Saturn.
  • the Earth’s moon.
  • Jupiter.
A

The Sun

49
Q

Rock that has formed from cooling magma or lava is

  • Sedimentary Rock
  • Metamorpic Rock
  • Igneous Rock
A

Igneous Rock

50
Q

What is the largest of Earth’s concentric zones by volume?

  • The core
  • The mantle
  • The crust
A

The mantle

Geol 1001 (2 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2024 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions