Ch.2 Caiou Dowds

Question 1

Alexander Hamilton

Answer 1

A key framer who envisioned a powerful central government, co-authored “The Federalist Papers” and served as the first secretary of the treasury.

Question 2

Anti-federalist

Answer 2

Those who favored strong state governments and a weak national government;opposed ratification of the U.S. constitution.

Question 3

Article I

Answer 3

Gives congress its power and limits. Congress is the legislative branch of the government, meaning they’re the ones to make laws for the U.S.A

Question 4

Article II

Answer 4

Sets forth the definition and terms of the executive branch of government in the U.S.A

Question 5

Article III

Answer 5

The U.S. constitution is the section that creates the judicial branch in the U.S.

Question 6

Article IV

Answer 6

The U.S. shall guarantee to every state in this union a republic form of gov., and shall protect each of them against invasion; and on application of the legislature, or of the Executive (when the legislature cannot be convened) against domestic violence.

Question 7

Article V

Answer 7

Describes the process whereby he Constitution, the nations frame of government, may be altered.

Question 8

Article VI

Answer 8

Establishes the laws and treaties of the U.S. made in accordance with it as the supreme law of the land, forbids a religious test as a a requirement for the holding a governmental position.

Question 9

Articles of Confederation

Answer 9

Comprised the U.S. first constitution, lasting from 1776 until 1789

Question 10

Benjamin Franklin

Answer 10

Independent politician

Question 11

Bill of Rights

Answer 11

Together with the declaration of independence and the Constitution, the Bill of Rights helps to define the american political system and the government’s relationship to it’s citizens.

Question 12

Checks and Balances

Answer 12

Principle of the government under which separate branches and are induced to share power

Question 13

Constitutional Convention

Answer 13

In some states, notably those Commonwealth of nation states that follow the Westminster system and whose political systems derive from the British constitutional law, most government functions are guided by constitutional convention rather than by a formal written constitution

Question 14

Crispus Attucks

Answer 14

African-American man killed during the Boston Massacre and thus believed to be the first casualty of the American Revolution

Question 15

Critical Period

Answer 15

Coined by John Fiske (philosopher) in 1888 with his book the critical period of the american history, refers to the 1780’s a time right before the American Revolution where the future of the newly formed nation was in the balance

Question 16

Declaration of Independence

Answer 16

An important part of American Democracy because first it contains the ideals or goals of our nation. Second it contains the complaints of the colonists against the British King. Third, it contains the arguments the colonists used to explain why they wanted to be free of British rule.

Question 17

Electoral College

Answer 17

The electors are people chosen by their state political parties to cast votes for president and vice president. Electors can be state party leaders or elected officials; sometimes they are individuals with a personal connection to be a presidential candidate.

Question 18

enumerated powers

Answer 18

Specific powers granted to congress by the united states constitution. The framers of the constitution wanted to ensure the new federal gov. would not become an overreaching entity that might subject the people to the oppression from which they had fled.

Question 19

federalism

Answer 19

The mixed or compound mode of gov. combining a general government (the central or “federal” gov.) with regional governments (provincial, state, cantonal, territorial, or other sub-unit governments) in a single political system.

Question 20

Federalists

Answer 20

The supporters of the proposed constitution called themselves , “Federalists.” Their adopted name implied a commitment to a loose, decentralized system of government.

Question 21

The federalist Papers

Answer 21

A collection of 85 articles and essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay under the Pseudonym “Publius” to promote the ratification of the US constitution

Question 22

First Continental Congress

Answer 22

Was a meeting of delegates from twelve of the 13 party politics in the continental congress

Question 23

French and Indian War

Answer 23

Altered the relationship between Britain and its american colonies because the war enabled Britain to be more “active” in colonial political and economic affairs by imposing regulations and levying taxes unfairly on the colonies

Question 24

Full Faith and credit clause

Answer 24

Shall be given in each state to the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state. And the congress may by general laws prescribe the manner in which such acts, records, and proceedings shall be proved, and the effect thereof

Question 25

George Washington

Answer 25

Revered as the father of his country, a clever and skilled general, and a man of restrained principle-but not as a political thinker. This short introduction to Washington’s political philosophy reveals him as a thoughtful public intellectual who was well equipped to lead the young US.

Question 26

Great Compromise

Answer 26

Created 2 legislative bodies in congress. Also known as the Sherman Compromise or the Connecticut Compromise, the deal combined proposals from the Virginia (large state) plan and the new jersey (small state) plan.

Question 27

Implied power

Answer 27

Political powers granted to the US government that aren’t explicitly stated in the constitution. They’re implied to be granted because similar powers have set a precedent. These implied powers are necessary for the function of any given governing body.

Question 28

Inherent Powers

Answer 28

Powers that are necessary for a branch of gov. to get its job done. The president has the power to issue executive orders, enforce (or not enforce) the law and order injunctions.

Question 29

James Madison

Answer 29

Democratic-Republic Party founder

Question 30

John Jay

Answer 30

Important American statesman and a founding Father of the US. He served in a variety of capacities throughout his lifetime, but is the most commonly known for being the first chief Justice of the US.

Question 31

Lexington

Answer 31

The Americans won the battle. The British retreated back to Boston. The Battle of Concord proved to the British that the american army was not just a band of unorganized rebels, but an army that deserved respect. The Battles of Lexington and Concord took place on April 19, 1775

Question 32

Mercantilism

Answer 32

Economic nationalism for the purpose of building a wealthy and powerful state. Adam Smith coined the term “Mercantile system” to describe the system of political economy that sought to enrich the country by restraining imports and encouraging exports.

Question 33

Montesquieu

Answer 33

Charles-Louis de Secondat baron de la Brede et de Montesquieu, (born January 18, 1689, Chateau La Brede, near Bordeaux, France-died February 10, 1755,Paris), French political philosopher whose principal work, The Spirit of Laws, was a major contribution to political theory.

Question 34

Necessary and Proper Clause

Answer 34

Often called the “Elastic Clause,” the necessary and proper clause simply states that congress has the power, “to make all laws which shall be necessary and proper for carrying into execution the foregoing powers, and all other powers vested by this Constitution in the Gov. of the US

Question 35

New Jersey Plan

Answer 35

An option as to how the US would be governed. The plan called for each state to have one vote in congress instead of the number of votes being based on population. it was introduced to the constitutional convention by William Paterson, a New Jersey delegate on June 15, 1787

Question 36

New World

Answer 36

Used to refer to any new period of history evidencing a dramatic change in the world political thought and the balance of power.

Question 37

Political Culture

Answer 37

The set of attitudes, beliefs, and sentiments which give order and meaning to a political process and which provide the underlying assumptions and rules that govern behavior in the political system.

Question 38

Samuel Adams

Answer 38

Boston-born political leader who played a vital role in moving colonial america to its decisive break with Britain during the american Revolution.

Question 39

Second Continental Congress

Answer 39

A convention of delegates from the 13 colonies that formed in Philadelphia in may 1775, soon after the launch of the American Revolutionary war.

Question 40

Separation of powers

Answer 40

A fundamental principle of the US government, whereby powers and responsibilities are divided among the legislative branch, executive branch, and judicial branch.

Question 41

Shay’s rebellion

Answer 41

Armed uprising in Massachusetts, mostly in and around Springfield during 1786 and 1787… The federal gov. found itself unable to finance troops to put down the rebellion, and it was consequently put down by the Massachusetts State militia and a privately funded local militia.

Question 42

Social contract theory

Answer 42

Nearly as old as philosophy itself, is the view that persons moral and/or political obligations are dependent upon a contract or agreement among them to form the society in which they live.

Question 43

Sons and Daughters of Liberty

Answer 43

the Sons of Liberty had many rituals. they had secret code words, medals, and symbols. Originally formed in response to the Stamp Act, their activities were far more than ceremonial. It was the Sons of Liberty who ransacked houses of British officials.

Question 44

Stamp Act congress

Answer 44

It was the first colonial action against a British measure and was formed to protest the Stamp Act issued by British Parliament on March 1765. The Stamp Act Congress was attended by 27 representatives of nine of the thirteen colonies.

Question 45

Supremacy clause

Answer 45

The US Constitution (Article VI, Clause 2) establishes that the Constitution, federal laws made pursuant to it, and treaties made under its authority, constitute the supreme law of the land.

Question 46

Thomas Jefferson

Answer 46

He was a Draftsman of the US Declaration of Independence; the nations first secretary of the state (1789-94); second vice president (1797-1801); and as the 3rd president (1801-09) the statesman responsible for the Louisiana purchase.

Question 47

Thomas Paine

Answer 47

In late 1776, Paine published the american crisis pamphlet series to inspire the Americans in their battles against the British army. He juxtaposed the conflict between the good american devoted to the civic virtue and the selfish.

Question 48

Three-Fifths Compromise

Answer 48

A compromise reached among state delegates during the 1787 united states Constitutional Convention. The Compromise solution was to count 3 out of every 5 slaves as a person for this purpose.

Question 49

Virginia Plan

Answer 49

Drafted by James Madison, and presented by Edmund Randolph to the Constitutional Convention on May 29, 1787, the Virginia Plan proposed a strong central government composed of the 3 branches: legislative, executive, and judicial.

Question 50

Common Sense

Answer 50

Has always been a cornerstone of American politics. In 1776, Tom Paine’s vital pamphlet with that title sparked the American Revolution.

Question 51

The federalist Papers

Answer 51

A series of 85 essays written by Alexander Hamilton, James Madison, and John Jay in support of the ratification of the US constitution.