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OS1 Exam 1 > Soft Tissue Myofacial Release > Flashcards

Soft Tissue Myofacial Release Flashcards

1
Q

What does “soft tissue” entail?

A

fascia, muscles, organs, nerves, vasculature, lymphatic

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2
Q

fascia

A

a complete system with blood supply, fluid drainage, and innervations composed of irregularly arranged fibrous elements of varying desity

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3
Q

function of fascia

A

tissue protection and healing

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4
Q

omnipresent

A

continuous throughout the body

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5
Q

pannicular fascia

A

outermost layer of fascia derived from somatic mesenchyme and surrounds entire body with exception of orifices; outer layer is adipose tissue and inner layer is membranous and adherent to the outer portion

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6
Q

axial and appendicular fascia

A

internal to the pannicular layer; fused to the panniculus and surrounds all of the muscles, the periosteum of bone, and peritendon of tendons

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7
Q

meningeal fascia

A

surrounds the nervous system; includes the dura

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8
Q

visceral fascia

A

surrounds the body cavities (pleural, pericardial, and peritoneum)

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9
Q

omnipotent

A

provides mobility and stability of the musculoskeletal system

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10
Q

omniscient

A

mechanoreceptors, stretch receptors, liquid crystal like properties

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11
Q

viscoelastic material

A

material that deforms according to rate of loading and deformity

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12
Q

stress

A

force that attempts to deform a connective tissue structure

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13
Q

strain

A

percentage of deformation of a connective tissue

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14
Q

hysteresis

A

energy lost between the loading and unloading characteristic in the connective tissue system

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15
Q

creep

A

connective tissue under a sustained, constant load (below failure threshold) will elongate in response to the load

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16
Q

ease

A

the direction in which the connective tissue may be moved most easily during deformational stretching
palpated as a sense of tissue “looseness” or laxity or greater degree of mobility

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17
Q

bind

A

a palpable restriction of connective tissue mobility

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18
Q

newton’s third law

A

when two bodies interact, the force exerted by one is equal in magnitude and opposite in direction to the forces exerted by the other

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19
Q

Hooke’s law

A

the strain (deformation) placed on an elastic body is in proportion to the stress (force) placed upon it

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20
Q

Wolff’s law

A

bone will develop according to the under stresses placed on it – extends to fascia

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21
Q

direct technique

A

towards and through the restrictive barrier

22
Q

indirect technique

A

away from the restrictive barrier

23
Q

Sherrington’s law

A

when a muscle receives a nerve impulse to contract, its atagonists receive, simultaneously, an impulse to relax

24
Q

common compensatory

A

left, right, left, right

80% healthy people

25
Q

uncommon compensatory

A

right, left, right, left

20% healthy people

26
Q

uncompensated pattern

A

usually symptomatic, trauma caused

27
Q

transverse restrictors

A

tentorium cerebelli, thoracic inlet, thoracolumbar diaphragm, pelvic diaphragm

28
Q

soft tissue technique

A

a system of diagnosis and treatment directed toward tissues other than skeletal or arthroidal elements

29
Q

treatment goal of ST techniques related to tissue texture abnormality

A

stretch and increase the elasticity of shortened myofascial structures to return symmetry
improve local tissue nutrition, oxygenation, and removal of metabolic wastes to normalize tissue texture

30
Q

treatment goal of ST techniques related to asymmetry of muscles

A

return to symmetry and normalize tone

31
Q

treatment goal of ST techniques related to restricted motion of soft tissue

A

set the fascia free

32
Q

treatment goal of ST techniques related to tenderness

A

normalize neurologic activity and improve abnormal somato-somatic and somato-visceral reflexes

33
Q

ST indications

A

diagnostically to identify areas of restricted motion, tissue texture changes, and sensitivity
feedback about tissue response to OMT
improve local and systemic immune response
provide a general state of relaxation
enhance circulation to local myofascial structures
provide a general state of tonic stimulation

34
Q

ST relative contraindications

A

severe osteoporosis - prone techniques

acute injury - direct techniques

35
Q

ST absolute contraindications

A 
fracture or dislocation
neurologic entrapment syndromes
serious vascular compromise
local malignancy
local infection
bleeding disorders
36
Q

principles of ST technique

A

patient comfort
physician comfort: minimize energy expenditure
initially apply forces gently with low amplitude
apply forces rhythmically for 1-2 seconds of stretch followed by a similar time frame releasing the stretch
increase amplitude, not rate
comfortable for pt
carry skin and subcutaneous tissues
until tissue creep

37
Q

parallel

A

increase distance between origin and insertion with muscle fibers

38
Q

knead

A

repetitive pushing of tissue perpendicular to muscle fibers

39
Q

inhibition

A

push and hold perpendicular to the fibers at the musculotendinous part of hypertonic muscle

40
Q

MFR

A

a system of diagnosis and treatment first described by AT Still and his early students which engages continual palpatory feedback to achieve release of myofascial tissues

41
Q

INR (integrated neuromusculoskeletal release)

A

a treatment system in which combined procedures are designed to stretch and reflexively release patterned soft tissue and joint related restrictions

42
Q

REMs

A

speed up treatment process

43
Q

example of REMs

A

breath holding
prone and supine simulated swimming and pendulum arm swing maneuvers as direct and indirect barriers are release
R/L cervical rotation
isometric limb and neck movements
patient evoked movement from cranial nerves

44
Q

indications of MFR

A

somatic dysfunction
HVLA or muscle energy contraindication
counterstrain difficulty secondary to a patient’s inability to relax

45
Q

absolute contraindications of MFR

A

lack of patient consent

absence of somatic dysfunction

46
Q

relative contraindications of MFR

A 
infection of soft tissue or bone
fracture, avulsion, dislocation
metastatic disease
soft tissue injury
post-op pt with wound dehiscence
rheumatologic condition involving instability of c-spine
DVT or anticoagulation therapy
47
Q

inherent forces

A

using the body’s PRM

48
Q

respiratory cooperation

A

physician directed patient performed inhalation or exhalation or holding of the breath to assist with manipulative intervention

49
Q

patient cooperation

A

patient asked to move in specific directions to aid in mobilizing specific areas of restriction

50
Q

activating forces

A

inherent forces, respiratory cooperation, patient cooperation

51
Q

MFR treatment endpoint

A

3D release palpated as warmth, softening, increased compliance/ROM
continuous application of activating forces no longer produce change
symmetrical

OS1 Exam 1 (8 decks)

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