DSA: Critical Clinical Observation

Question 1

Explain a mesomorphic body type

Answer 1

• Muscular or sturdy build (average guy)

- Mid-ranges of ROM

Question 2

What body type is characterized by relative prominence of structures developed from the embryonic mesoderm?

Answer 2

Mesomorphic

Question 3

What body type is also known as “athletic”?

Answer 3

Mesomorphic

Question 4

What body type is also known as “asthenic”?

Answer 4

Ectomorphic

Question 5

What body type is also known as “pyknic”?

Answer 5

Endomorphic

Question 6

What body type is characterized by relative dominance of structures developed from embryonic ectoderm?

Answer 6

Ectomorphic

Question 7

Explain an ectomorphic body type

Answer 7

• Thin body build, long and linear frame (tall and lean)

- tend to have higher ROM

Question 8

What body type is characterized by relative prominence of structures developed from embryonic endoderm?

Answer 8

Endomorphic

Question 9

Explain an endomorphic body type

Answer 9

• Heavy (fat) body build, obese, increased fatty tissue

- Tend to have lower ROM

Question 10

What body type tends to have higher ROMs?

Answer 10

Ectomorphic

Question 11

What body type tends to have lower ROMs?

Answer 11

Endomorphic

Question 12

What body type tends to have mid range ROMs

Answer 12

Mesomorphic

Question 13

If a pts skin is observed and described as necrosis, what is the color?

Answer 13

Blackness

Question 14

If a pt has erythema, what color is their skin?

Answer 14

Red

Question 15

What skin color may or may not indicate anemia?

Answer 15

Pale

Question 16

What does erythema usually indicate?

Answer 16

Inflammation

Question 17

What might cyanosis indicate?

Answer 17

Reaction to cold, Reynaud’s disease

Question 18

Children with what condition exhibit bluish skin during episodes of crying or feeding?

Answer 18

Tetralogy of Fallot

Question 19

Which of the following bony landmarks can be evaluated by observing from an anterior view only?
A) Head carriage
B) Carriage of arms 
C) Greater trochanters
D) Angle of rib cage
E) Iliac crest heights

Answer 19

D) Angle of rib cage

Question 20

When observing a pt’s plumb line, what view would you be looking at?

Answer 20

Lateral

Question 21

What are the 4 things that comprise the plumb line?

Answer 21

• External auditory canal
• Acromion process
• Greater trochanter
• Anterior medial malleolus

Question 22

What 2 things are you looking for when observing spinal curvatures?

Answer 22

• Cervical and lumbar lordosis

- Thoracic kyphosis

Question 23

Which of these landmarks is included in the gravitational line?
A) Medial condyle of knee 
B) Ear lobe
C) Sternum 
D) Lesser trochanter
E) Acromion

Answer 23

E) Acromion

• Gravitational line (AKA plumb line) = external auditory canal, acromion, greater trochanter, anterior medial malleolus

Question 24

A 16yo male presents to your clinic after dislocating his shoulder while playing high school basketball. He is 6'4" tall and weighs 145 lbs. Which of the following best characterizes his body type?
A) Endomorphic
B) Mesomorphic 
C) Pyknic
D) Ectomorphic 
E) Metamorphic

Answer 24

D) Ectomorphic -> this pt is tall and lean and these body type tend to have increased ROM at joints

Endomorphic = heavy/fat body build
Mesomorphic = muscular/sturdy body build
Pyknic = another term for endomorphic