Pharm: Acne Flashcards
What drugs target follicular hyper proliferation and abnormal desquamation
- Topical retinoid
- Oral retinoid
- Azelaic acid
- Salicylic acid
- Hormonal therapy
What drugs target sebum production
- Oral isotretinoin
- Hormonal therapy
What drugs target c. acnes proliferation
- Benzoyl peroxide
- Topical and oral abx
- Azelaic acid
What drugs target inflammation
- Oral isotretinoin
- Oral tetracyclines
- Topical retinoids
- Azelaic acid
When is it appropriate for oral retinoids to be used as monotherpay
only in comedonal acne
What is the purpose of the addition of benzoyl peroxide to antibiotics?
decreased emergence of abx resistance
What are the treatment options for mild papulopustular or mixed acne?
- Topical antimicrobial (benzoyl peroxide or benzoyl peroxide and topical antibiotic) AND topical retinoid
OR
- Benzoyl peroxide and topical antibiotic (if can’t tolerate a retinoid or required simplified treatment regimen)
What are the three topical retinoids?
- tretinoin
- adapalene
- tazarotene
What are two ADR associated with topical retinoid use
- skin irritation
- photosensitivity
What two topical abx are used to treat acne
- erythromycin
- clindamycin
Place in therapy for salicylic acid in tx of acne
- Moderately effective in acne tx
- Used when cannot tolerate topical retinoid dt skin irritation
- Comedolytic properties less potent than topical retinoids
What tetracyclines are used to treat acne
- doxycycline
- minocycline
ADR of oral isotretinoin
- Mucocutaneous: dry lips, dry mucus membranes, epistaxis, dry skin, dry hair, peeling of palms and soles, photosensitivity
- MSK: hyperostosis, premature epiphyseal closure, bone demineralization (prolonged use of high doses)
- Ophthalmic: dry eyes, visual disturbance, poor night vision
- CNS: HA
Oral isotretinion required lab monitoring
- TG: may increase (risk of pancreatitis)
- Cholesterol: may increase
- Hepatic transaminases: may cause hepatitis
- CBC – may decrease RBCs, WBCs, platelets
Teratogenic nature of oral isotretinoin
- Potent teratogen
- Fetal abnormalities of face, eyes, ears, skull, CNS, CVS, thymus, and parathyroid glands.
