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HIV Flashcards

This flashcard deck was created using Flashcardlet's card creator

0
Q

AIDS is the most common secondary immune defiecny disease in the world and is caused by a virus

A

True

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1
Q

newly made cells and compatible blood transfusions are not deemed safe by the immune system Tru or False

A

False it is the job of the immune system to recognize them and to monitor for foreign or non self substances

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2
Q

Once inside a host it is the CD4 t- helper cells that are hijacked

A

True known as CD4 cells, helper inducer cells,T Cells, or T4 cell directs immune system defenses and regulates the activity of the immune system

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3
Q

Entry Inhibitors do not prevent the HIV proteins from binding T/F.

A

False It prevents the cp41from binding to the CCR5 receptor and entering the CD4 T cells

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4
Q

HIV belongs to the group of viruses called———-.

A

Retrovirouses single stranded RNA and converts double stranded DNA

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5
Q

The drug that prevents single stranded HIV RNA to converting to double stranded DNAis

A

Nucleoside analog reverse transcriptase inhibitors NARTIS

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6
Q

Intergrase is what?

A

Allows the viral ds viralDNA to be inserted into the host DNA
Intergrase inhibitors is a drug used to prevent viral DNA from integrating

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7
Q

HIV protease is?

A

Chemical scissors that cut one long protein strand into functional pieces. These pieces bud off to infect other CD4cells
protease inhibitors work here to inhibit HIV protease

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8
Q

What does the typicalHIV/AIDS pt die from

A

opportunistically infections or cancer

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9
Q

Normal healthy adult has how manyCD4 cells?

A

800-1000 cells/mm3

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10
Q

First manifestations of HIV?

A

fever,night sweat, chills, headache, muscle aches, Acute HIVhave rash and sore throats which is confused with mononucleosis and viral meningitis

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11
Q

What is a result of HIVinfection immune system abnormalities?

A

lymphocytopenia
increased production of incomplete nonfunctional antibodies
Abnormally functioning macrophages

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12
Q

whatis required to receive a diagnosis of AIDS?

A

CD4tcells count lower than 200
or an opportunistic infection
Once diagnosed as AiDS always an aids patient

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13
Q

Lymphadenopathy is?

A

Pt has persistently large lymph nodes

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14
Q

HIV to AIDS takes years T/F?

A

false it could be months to years depending on the more times the HIV was encountered. more encounters the more likely the process will bested up to AIDS

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15
Q

What is the age group thatis most likely to contract AIDS?

A

21-44
men on men sex highest risk46
either sex using intervenors drugs 20
Hispanics african Americans are increasing
women are fastest growing group due to sexual exposure and drug use 16

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16
Q

What is the first sign a woman may have for a HIV infection?

A

vaginal candidiasis

along with herpes,PID, cervical dysphasia, or cancer

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17
Q

pregnant women with HIV have more likely chance for?

A

premature delivery, low birth weight, and transmitting the disease to infant

18
Q

what body fluidics HIV found.

A

blood, semen, vaginal secretions, breast milk, amniotic fluid, feces, urine, saliva, tears,cerebrospinal fluid, lymph odes, cervical cells,corneal tissues, brain tissue
Blood andSemen havethehighest concentration

,

19
Q

HIV is transmitted by casual contact?T/F

A

False also not by mosquitoes or other insects

20
Q

what are theABCs ofHiV

A

Abstinence
Be faithful
Condoms

21
Q

Is

the vaginal area is more susceptible to HIV?

A

True the vaginal area has more mucus membrane then the penis thus HIV like otherSTDs are more easily transmitted
penis in rectalarea same idea for the rectal mucus a

22
Q

what is a viral load?

A

amount of virus present in blood and other body fluid. The higher the blood level of HIVviremia

the greater risk for sexual transmission

23
Q

Highly Active Antiretrviral Threapy HAART reduces the risk of transmission

A

False risk is always presenting HIV patients to transmit

24
Q

what are safer sex practices?

A

latex condom for genital anal sex
a condom or dental dam latex for or genital or oral/anal sex contact
latex gloves for finger or hand contact with vagina or rectum

25
Q

WORKS should be cleaned with——-?

A

flush used needle And syringe with clean water

fill syringe with bleach shake 30-60seconds

26
Q

HIV pregnant women should not continue HIV drug therapy T/F

A

False they should continue or start HIVtherapy

27
Q

Health are workers are not at risk of contacting HIV T/F

A

False. needle sticks and sharps are main means of occupational related HIVExposure

28
Q

What are the precautions for HCW

A

gloves especially with nonintact skin

or weaping dermatitis or open lesions

29
Q

during assessment what should the nurse inquire about witha HIVpatient?

A 
when diagnoses
clinical symptoms
chronological infection hx
blood transfusion before1978-85
sexual practices
STD
Any TB or HEP
hemophilia or clotting issues
their overall knowledge of disease
30
Q

opertunistic infections are caused by?

A

organisms that are in the normal environment and are kept in check by the normal immune system and maybe responsible forthe clinical manifestations of the progressingHIV patient

31
Q

only one infection. an be present at a time T/F

A

False the infection may be protozoan, fungal, bacterial, or viral and must be treAted immediately due to they may progress and cause death

32
Q

what is a protozoan infection common to HIV

A

PCP pneumocystis jroveci pneumonia is the most common

asses for dyspepsia on exertion, tachycardia, a persistent dry cough, and fever
may have weight loss and fatigue listen for crackles

33
Q

toxoplasmosis is contracted by?

.

A

through contact with cat feces or ingesting infected undercooked meat.
changes in mental status speech gait, headaches,fever

34
Q

cryptospordiosis may result in what fatal syndrome

A

severe wasting syndrome, with electrolyte imbalances

35
Q

fungal infections include?

A

food may taste funny because the Candidia stomactitis or esophagus is out of control. swallowing may be painful also
retrsternal pain-pain behind the ribs
woman withHIV may have persistent itching ,perineal irritation and a thick white discharge

36
Q

cryptocococsis widely spread with AIDS what are its symptoms

A

fever headache, blurred vision, nausea, vomiting, nuchal rigidity-neck pain, mild concussion, and other mental status changes

37
Q

what is the most common bacterial infection for -AIDS

A

MAC or my robacterium Adium complex it infects the respiratory and GI tract and is a systemic infection
culture from lymph nodes bone arrow, and blood to diagnose
look for weight loss mailse swollen lymph glands or organ disease

38
Q

a patientwith AIDS doesn’t have to worry about TB?

A

TB occurs in2-10percent of all AIDS

39
Q

name four cancers that occur more readily in AIDS pts

A

Karposi.sarcoma purplish brown raised lesions
Hodgkins lymphoma
non-Hodgkins lymphoma Burkitts
invasive cervical cancer

40
Q

AIDS dementia complexis rareT-F?

A

false about 70percent of AIDS patients from barely noticible to severe dementia

41
Q

ElISA test may accurately test for HIV antibodies before 3weeks?

A

no the antibody is usually made anywhere from 3 weeks to 3 months and may not be detected up to 36 months after initial infection

42
Q

when is a Western Blot used?

A

when an ELISA comes back positive. if 2 antibodies are found of the major HIV antigens then the person has tested positive for HIV not AIDS

43
Q

NANDAS for aAIDS
risk for infection related to I mine deficiency
impAired gas exchange related to anemia, respiratory infection PCP,Karposi sarcoma, CMV,anemia, fatigue, pain
Acute pain or chronic pain r/t neuropathy,myelopathy, cancer or infection
Imbalanced nutrition less than body requirements r/t high metabolic need, nausea, and vomiting
Diarrhea r/t infection,food intolerance, or drugs
Impaired skin integrity r/t KS , infection, altered nutritional state, incontininance, immobility, hyperthermia, or cancer
Disturbed thought process r/t to AIDS dementia complex, enteral nervous system infection, or cancer
Chronic low self esteem r/t,, infection,changes in body, decreased self esteem or helplessness
Social isolation r/t stigma,virus transmittability infection control practices,or fear

A

additional. NDiagnosis
Activity intolerance r/t fatigue discomfort, cons defect, weakness, or anemia
Risk for injury r/t cons defect, mental status change, depression, or thrombocytopenia
Disturbed sensory preception(visual) r/t to CMV
retinitis or blindness
Sleep deprevation r/t pain discomfort, anxiety, or depression
Ineffective coping r/t the diagnosis of AIDS
Disabled family coping r/t the diagnosis of AIDS
Greiving r/t anticipated loss of role and function or impending death

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