Exam 2 Flashcards
core values
A value especially promoted by a particular culture.
link between cultural and self awareness
Because culture is socially constructed and learned rather than biologically inherited, all societies must some- how ensure that culture is adequately transmitted from one generation to the next—a process we have already defined as enculturation.
economic system
An organized arrangement for producing, distributing, and consuming goods.
marriage
A culturally sanctioned union between two or more people that establishes certain rights and obligations between the people, between them and their children, and between them and their in-laws. Such marriage rights and obligations most often include, but are not limited to, sex, labor, property, childrearing, exchange, and status.
group marriage
a nonmonogamous marriage-like arrangement between more than two people, where three or more adults live together, all considering themselves partners, sharing finances, children, and household responsibilities.
dowry
A payment at the time of a woman’s marriage that comes from her inheritance, made to either her or her husband.
ethnic psychosis
A mental disorder specific to a particular cultural group; also known as ethnic psychosis.
cultural adaption
Human groups adapt to their environments by means of their cultures. These environments are not always stable; they may change and often do, primarily as a consequence of human activity in the ecosystem. Moreover, people may migrate to a very different environment, requiring an adaptive change. The result is that cultures may slowly develop into a different type over the course of time; they evolve.
monogamy
A marriage form in which both partners have just one spouse.
prestige economy
no one group owns anything over anyone else
polygamy
A marriage form in which one individual has multiple spouses at the same time.
leverate
a widow marries her husbands brother.
family
a group composed of a woman, her dependent children, and at least one adult man joined through marriage or blood relation.
nuclear family
made up of a married couple and their dependent offspring
leveling mechanisms
obligations that make it to where no one man can own any more then any one else
cultural ecology
the study of culture and its enviroment
market exchange
the buying and selling of goods and services with prices set of by rules of supply and demand.
sororate
provides that a widower marry his wife sister