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Anatomy Exam 2 > Lecture 10 > Flashcards

Lecture 10 Flashcards

1
Q

Fascial Septa

A

Tough fibrous connective tissue membranes that divide a limb segment into two or more compartments

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2
Q

Medial Intermuscular Septum

A

Goes from subcutaneous sheath to humerus; separates muscles of anterior arm from medial side of triceps complex

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3
Q

Lateral Intermuscular Septum

A

Goes from subcutaneous sheath to humerus; separates muscles of anterior arm from lateral side of triceps complex

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4
Q

Anterior Brachial Compartment

  1. Muscles
  2. Function
  3. Innervation
  4. Vascularization
A
  1. Biceps brachii, coracobrachialis, brachialis
  2. Forearm flexors, biceps also flexes shoulder and supinates forearm
  3. Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)
  4. Brachial artery, basilic vein and venae comitantes
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5
Q

Biceps Brachii

  1. Proximal Attachment
  2. Distal Attachment
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Short head from tip of coracoid process, long head from supraglenoid tubercle of scapula
  2. Tuberosity of radius
  3. Flexion and supination of forearm, assists in forearm flexion
  4. Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)
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6
Q

Coracobrachialis

  1. Proximal Attachment
  2. Distal Attachment
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Tip of coracoid
  2. Middle third of medial border of humerus
  3. Weakly flexes and adducts the arm
  4. Musculocutaneous nerve (C6-C7)
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7
Q

Brachialis

  1. Proximal Attachment
  2. Distal Attachment
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Distal half of anterior surface of humerus and intermuscular septum
  2. Tuberosity of coronoid process
  3. Main flexor of forearm
  4. Musculocutaneous nerve (C5-C6)
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8
Q

Posterior Brachial Compartment

  1. Muscles
  2. Function
  3. Innervation
  4. Vascularization
A
  1. Triceps brachii (long head, lateral head, medial head), anconeus
  2. Forearm extensors, long head of triceps can extend shoulder (brachium), synergists in forearm supination
  3. Radial nerve (C7)
  4. Deep brachial artery
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9
Q

Triceps Brachii

  1. Proximal Attachment
  2. Distal Attachment
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Long head from infraglenoid tubercle of scapula, lateral head from posterior surface of humerus above the radial groove, medial head from posterior surface of humerus below the radial groove
  2. Olecranon process
  3. Forearm extension, long head also assists in arm extension
  4. Radial nerve (C6-C8)
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10
Q

Anconeus

  1. Proximal Attachment
  2. Distal Attachment
  3. Action
  4. Innervation
A
  1. Posterior aspect of lateral epicondyle of humerus
  2. Lateral surface of olecranon, superior part of posterior surface of ulna
  3. Abducts ulna during pronation of forearm, assists triceps during forearm extension
  4. Radial nerve (C7-8, T1)
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11
Q

Cutaneous Nerves in the Brachium

A

Superior lateral cutaneous nerve of arm (from axillary nerve)
Medial brachial cutaneous nerve (direct branch from medial cord)
Medial antebrachial cutaneous nerve (direct branch from medial cord)
Lateral antebrachial cutaneous nerve (termination of musculocutaneous nerve)
Posterior cutaneous nerve of arm (from radial nerve)
Posterior cutaneous nerve of forearm (from radial nerve)

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12
Q

Median Nerve (muscles it supplies and where it travels)

A

Supplies flexor muscles on the radial side of the forearm; travels with brachial artery (laterally in upper half of brachium, medially in lower half of brachium), crosses cubital fossa superficially with brachial artery, deep to bicipital aponeurosis

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13
Q

Ulnar Nerve (muscles it supplies and where it travels)

A

Supplies flexor muscles on the ulnar side of the forearm; starts in anterior brachial compartment medial to brachial artery, runs with superior ulnar collateral artery, pierces medial intermuscular septum, enters posterior compartment of brachium, passes around medial epicondyle and into forearm between two heads of flexor carpi ulnaris muscle

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14
Q

Radial Nerve (muscles it supplies and where it travels)

A

Supplies extensor muscles in posterior compartment of brachium as well as extensor muscles of the wrist and hand; descends posterior to the axillary artery, spirals around the posterior surface of the humerus in the radial (spiral) groove accompanied by deep brachial artery, pierces lateral intermuscular septum distal to deltoid insertion, passes into forearm between brachialis muscle medially and the brachioradialis muscle laterally; divides into superficial and deep branches near lateral epicondyle

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15
Q

Musculocutaneous Nerve (muscles it supplies and where it travels)

A

Supplies muscles of anterior brachial compartment; pierces coracobrachialis in upper half or third of brachium, pierces fascia lateral to biceps tendon and continues as lateral cutaneous nerve of the forearm and supplies skin on lateral forearm as far as wrist

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16
Q

Brachial Artery

A

Direct continuation of axillary artery; begins at inferior border of teres major; main branch is deep brachial artery; other branches are superior ulnar collateral to posterior ulnar recurrent and the inferior ulnar collateral to the anterior ulnar recurrent

17
Q

Cubital Anastomosis

A

Anastomoses between brachial and ulnar artery and anastomoses between deep brachial artery and radial and interosseous arteries

18
Q

Cephalic Vein

A

Lateral continuation of dorsal venous arch; ascends in superficial fascia along lateral aspect of forearm and arm, through deltopectoral triangle and empties into axillary vein

19
Q

Basilic Vein

A

Medial continuation of dorsal venous arch; ascends in superficial fascia along lateral aspect of forearm and arm to middle of arm, pierces deep fascia and ascends in upper aspect of arm in deep fascia and joins venae comitantes to form axillary vein (usually inferior border of teres major)

20
Q

Median Cubital Vein

A

Connects cephalic vein and basilic vein; extends diagonally across bicipital aponeurosis; receives blood from median antebrachial vein and drains blood from palmar hand

21
Q

Venae Comitantes

A

Veins that parallel arteries; usually 2 per artery; countercurrent heat exchange

22
Q

Boundaries of Cubital Fossa and Contents

  1. Lateral
  2. Medial
  3. Superior Base
  4. Floor
  5. Roof
  6. Contents
A
  1. Brachioradialis muscle
  2. Pronator teres muscle
  3. Line between two humeral epicondyles
  4. Supinator and brachialis muscles
  5. Skin, superficial and deep fascia, bicipital aponeurosis
  6. Biceps tendon, brachial artery, median nerve, bifurcation of radial and ulnar arteries, brachial veins (venae comitantes), bicipital aponeurosis, superficial and deep radial nerves

Anatomy Exam 2 (8 decks)

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