Lecture 12 Flashcards
(18 cards)
Scaphoid Bone
Forms floor of anatomical snuff box; most commonly fractured wrist bone which may compromise radial artery in snuff box; articulates with radius
Lunate Bone
Articulates with radius
Triquetral Bone
Articulates with ulna (via articular/ulnar disc) during extreme ulnar deviation
Pisiform Bone
Sesamoid bone that forms tendon of the flexor carpi ulnaris
How many carpals are in the wrist?
8
How many metacarpals are in the hand?
5
How many phalanges are in the fingers?
14; 5 digits with 3 segments/finger and 2 segments/thumb
Radiocarpal Joint
Condyloid (ellipsoidal) synovial joint with 2 degrees of freedom; articulates with scaphoid, lunate, distal radius (lateral and medial fossae), and triquetral during extreme ulnar deviation
Radiocarpal Joint
- Ligaments
- Movements
- Articular Arteries
- Nerve Supply
- Lateral (radial) collateral, medial (ulnar) collateral, dorsal radiocarpal, and palmar radiocarpal
- Some flexion and extension; ulnar deviation
- Arise from dorsal and palmar carpal arches
- Anterior interosseous branch of median nerve, posterior interosseous branch of radial nerve, and dorsal and deep branches of the ulnar nerve
Midcarpal Joint
- Ligaments
- Movements
- Articular Arteries
- Nerve Supply
-
Enclosed with synovial capsule*
1. Dorsal ligaments, palmar ligaments, interosseous ligaments
2. Some flexion and extension, radial deviation (abduction) especially due to movement of head of capitate in its socket
3. Same as radiocarpal
4. Same as radiocarpal
Palmar Structure Sequence (From radial to ulnar side)
Radius, radial artery, flexor carpi radialis tendon, median nerve (under palmaris longus tendon), flexor digitorum superficialis tendons, ulnar artery, ulnar nerve, flexor carpi ulnaris tendon
Radiocarpal Joint Injuries
Colle’s fracture and Scaphoid fracture (usually at “waist” and compromises radial artery in snuff box)
Ligaments of the Wrist, Hand, and Digits
Collateral ligaments (radial, ulnar, phalangeal), carpal ligaments, metacarpal ligaments, carpometacarpal ligaments, palmar ligaments, intermetacarpal ligaments
Tendons that define Anatomical Snuffbox
Extensor pollicis longus (dorsal and more medial), extensor pollicis brevis (palmar border), abductor pollicis longus (runs with extensor pollicis brevis)
Snuff Box
- Floor
- Roof
- Scaphoid bone is in the floor of the snuff box and radial artery runs over the top of the bone; site for radial pulse
- Branches of the superficial radial nerve are in the roof
Abductor Pollicis Longus
- Proximal Attachment
- Distal Attachment
- Function
- Blood Supply
- Innervation
- Posterior surface of proximal half of ulna, radius, and interosseous membrane
- Base of first metacarpal
- Abducts thumb and extends it at the carpometacarpal joint
- Posterior interosseous artery
- Posterior interosseous nerve
Extensor Pollicis Brevis
- Proximal Attachment
- Distal Attachment
- Function
- Blood Supply
- Innervation
- Posterior surface of distal 1/3 of radius and interosseous membrane
- Dorsum of proximal phalanx of thumb
- Extends proximal phalanx of thumb at its metacarpophalangeal joint, also extends carpometacarpal
- Posterior interosseous artery
- Posterior interosseous nerve
Extensor Pollicis Longus
- Proximal Attachment
- Distal Attachment
- Function
- Blood Supply
- Innervation
- Posterior surface of middle 1/3 of ulna and interosseous membrane
- Dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of thumb
- Extends distal phalanx of thumb at its interphalangeal joint and extends the metacarpophalangeal and carpometacarpal joint
- Posterior interosseous artery and perforating branch of anterior interosseous arteries
- Posterior interosseous nerve
