EXTERNAL CAROTID ARTERY

Question 1

External Carotid Artery

Answer 1

Medial to ICA and Hypoglossal nerve

Deep to Posterior belly of digastric muscle

Ends at Neck of mandibular condyle level Within Parotid gland

Terminal branches Superficial temporal artery and Maxillary

Question 2

ECA Collateral branches

Answer 2

Carotid triangle   
Ascending pharyngeal 
Superior thyroid   
Lingual 
Facial
Occipital 
Posterior auricular

Question 3

Ascending pharyngeal

Answer 3

Smallest and only medial branch

Ascends on the pharynx Medial to ICA
Beneath stylopharyngeus muscle

Gives off Prevertebral, pharyngeal, meningeal, palatine,
and tympanic branches

Question 4

Superior thyroid

Answer 4

Inferior to greater horn of hyoid 
Superior laryngeal artery 
Runs deep to infrahyoid muscles 
To superior pole of thyroid gland
Accompanied by  External laryngeal nerve

Question 5

Lingual

Answer 5

At the level of greater horn of hyoid
Enters submandibular triangle
Deep to hypoglossal nerve
Bifurcates into Deep lingual and sublingual arteries at anterior border of hyoglossus muscle

Question 6

Facial

Answer 6

Superior to greater horn of hyoid
Deep to superficial part of submandibular gland Hooks at inferior border of mandible anterior to masseter
Ends Angular artery Anastomosis Dorsal nasal branch (ophthalmic)
Supplies Face, palatine tonsil, soft palate

Question 7

Occipital

Answer 7

Deep to posterior belly of digastric muscle
Groove in mastoid process
Supplies-Occipital region
Sternocleidomastoid artery

Question 8

Posterior auricular

Answer 8

Posterior to external acoustic meatus

Supplies Parotid gland, Auricle Muscles, Scalp

Question 9

TERMINAL BRANCHES: Superficial temporal

Answer 9

Anterior to external acoustic meatus
Superficial to zygomatic arch
Supplies Parotid gland and scalp
Transverse facial (superior to parotid duct) Supplies face

Question 10

TERMINAL BRANCHES: Maxillary artery

Answer 10

Mandibular (1st)
Pterygoid (2nd)
Both from Infratemporal fossa

Pterygopalatine (3rd)- from Pterygopalatine fossa

Branches of 1st and 3rd portions Pass trough foramina or canal in the bones

Question 11

Branches of the 1st portion of Maxillary artery

Answer 11

Deep auricular artery: External acoustic meatus

Anterior tympanic artery: Tympanic membrane

Inferior alveolar artery: Mandible, gingivae, teeth

Middle meningeal artery: Dura mater, Bones of calvaria, Extradural (epidural) hematoma

Accessory middle meningeal artery

Question 12

Branches of 2nd portion of Maxillary artery

Answer 12

Deep temporal arteries

Pterygoid arteries

Masseteric artery

Buccal artery

Supply Muscles of mastication, Buccinator

Question 13

Branches of 3rd portion of Maxillary artery

Answer 13

Posterior superior alveolar artery-Superior teeth, gingiva, maxillary sinus

Infraorbital artery-The face (inferior eyelid to superior lip)

Descending palatine artery-Roof of Mouth, Part of Septum nasi and nasal lateral wall

Pharyngeal artery-Nasopharynx, midlle ear and sphenoidal sinus

Artery of the pterygoid canal

Sphenopalatine artery-Terminal branch of maxillary artery

Question 14

Face

Answer 14

ECA: Facial artery

Superficial temporal: Transverse facial artery

Question 15

Scalp

Answer 15

ECA: Superficial temporal artery, Posterior auricular artery, Occipital artery

ICA: Supraorbital artery, Supratrochlear artery