Oct4 M1,2-Pediatric Neuro SG Flashcards

1
Q

how UMN inhibits excessive firing of LMNs

A

via interneurons

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2
Q

LMNs are where in the body

A
  • spinal cord

- brainstem

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3
Q

why measure baby’s head circumference

A
  • direct reflection of head and brain geowth to eval growth and dev
  • deviation form normal = congenital, genetic or acquired problem
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4
Q

mutations in spinal muscular atrophy

A
  • SMN1 gene mutation is the main one (autosomal recessive dz for this gene) (deletion mutation of exon 7)
  • SMN2 modulates the dz (we can have between 0 and 8 copies of it. if have SMA + 0-1 SMN2 = sever pheno, if 3-4-5 = partial compensation of SMN1 absence
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5
Q

reflexes that are usually tested for

A
  • biceps (tip of triangle)
  • brachioradialis (base of triangle)
  • triceps (tip of triangle)
  • knee (patellar) reflex
  • ankle (Achilles) reflex
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6
Q

how to test for tone

A

in arms and legs

  • check diff joints
  • spasticity is velocity dep (sudden catch)
  • rigidity = velocity indep
  • flexion, extension, pronation, supination, wrist for arm
  • wiggle leg and see if ankle wiggles for leg, etc.
  • check for clonus (repeated muscle contractions of the ankle when move knee up)
  • fasciculations = for one motor unit (1 UMN, 1 LMN, its muscle fibers) IS NOT related to tone*
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